地区数字经济发展对农民创业的影响研究

Effect of Regional Digital Economy Development on Farmer Entrepreneurship

从互联网发展和数字普惠金融两方面对地区数字经济综合发展水平进行测度,并将其与中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)微观数据相结合,实证检验地区数字经济发展对农民创业的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,地区数字经济发展显著促进了农民创业,这一结论在考虑可能存在的内生性问题及进行稳健性检验后仍然成立。作用机制分析显示,地区数字经济发展通过促进信息获取和亲友借贷,进一步激活了农民的创业活动,但却降低了机构借贷,对农民创业产生遮掩效应。异质性分析发现,地区数字经济发展对机会型创业的促进效应大于生存型创业,且更有助于促进低人力资本、低社会资本和位于外围城市的弱势农民群体的创业行为,有利于我国农村的包容性增长。

This paper measures the comprehensive development level of regional digital economy from the aspects of Internet development and digital inclusive finance,and combines it with the microdata of China Labor Dynamics Survey(CLDS),and empirically tests the impact of regional digital economy development on farmer entrepreneurship and its mechanism.The results show that the development of regional digital economy has significantly promoted farmer entrepreneurship,and this conclusion is still true after the robustness test of selecting historical post office data as an instrumental variable and replacing key variables.The analysis of the mechanism shows that the development of the regional digital economy further activates the entrepreneurial activities of farmers by promoting information acquisition and borrowing by relatives and friends,however,the development of the regional digital economy reduces institutional lending,which has a masking effect on farmer entrepreneurship.Finally,heterogeneity analysis found that the promotion effect of regional digital economy development on opportunistic entrepreneurship is greater than that of survival entrepreneurship.Compared with the high human capital,high social capital and the peasant groups located in the central cities,the development of the regional digital economy is particularly conducive to promoting the entrepreneurial behavior of vulnerable peasant groups with low human capital,low social capital and vulnerable peasant groups located in peripheral cities,thus promoting the inclusive growth of China’s rural areas.