“自我史”初探

Preliminary Research On Ego-Histoire

“自我史”这一术语来自法国著名学者诺拉发起并主编的《自我史论文集》,最初特指战后法国7位著名历史学家以自我反思的方式书写的个人史,旨在重新发现历史学家的主体性。从目前一些英语国家和意大利已有一定出版数量的“自我史”文本来看,“自我史”融合了三个不同层次的历史:历史学家亲历亲感的个人生活史、历史学家所见所思的社会—时代变迁史,以及历史学家所选所为的个人从业史。从叙述策略来看,一方面以作为个人的自我为主题,通过叙述个人生活经历和社会—时代的互动关系,建构个人主体性的历史;另一方面则以作为历史学家的自我为主题,通过叙述以史学为业的个人学术经历,探讨历史学家主观性的效用。

The“Ego-Histoire”term drives from Essais d’ego-histoire which Pierre Nora initiated and edited.Originally,It specifically pointed to postwar seven French historians who writing personal history in a way of selfreflection,in order to rediscovery the historians’subjectivity.From the situation of a certain number of EgoHistoire texts which have published in some English-speaking countries and Italy,Ego-Histoire integrates three different histories:Personal life history which a historian has lived through and felt;the history of socialtimes which he or she has witnessed and thought about;and the professional history which he or she has chosen and do.From the perspective of narrative strategy,for one thing,on the subject of individual self,by narrating the interactive relationship between personal life experience and society-times,then constructs the history of individual subjectivity;For another thing,on the subject of historian’s self,by narrating the personal experience of taking history as career,objective To discuss the effect of historian’s subjectivity.