关于延安时期新华书店需要再认识的几个问题

Several Issues about Xinhua Bookstore in Yan’an Period that Need Further Explorations

新华书店成立的时间,一直有两种说法:一种是1937年说,认为新华书店成立于1937年4月,这是现在业界的主流观点;另一种是1939年说,认为新华书店成立于1939年9月,这是很多当年的亲历者坚持的说法。1937年说在否定1939年说的同时,并没有去分析当年的亲历者为什么会坚持说新华书店是1939年成立的。同时,一些重要文献,把新华书店等同于延安新华书店,混淆延安新华书店与延安的新华书店的区别。本文引入“挂牌”“试运行”的概念来解释1939年说,为1937年说补充依据,也为1939年说提供了解释方向;同时运用史实说明新华书店与延安新华书店、新华书店总店与新华书店总店延安不具有同一性,为研究新华书店的历史提供新的视角和解释方法。

There have always been two views on the founding time of Xinhua Bookstore.One is that Xinhua Bookstore was established in April 1937,which is the mainstream view in the professional field.The other is that it was founded in September 1939.This was a statement held by many witnesses of the event.The 1937 hypothesis,while negating the 1939 hypothesis,is incapable of answering why the witnesses insisted that Xinhua Bookstore was established in 1939.At the same time,some important documents equate Xinhua Bookstore with Yan’an Xinhua Bookstore,and therefore confuse Yan’an Xinhua Bookstore and the Xinhua Bookstore in Yan’an.This article introduces the concept of"listing"and"trial run"to add credibility to the 1937 hypothesis,and also to find explanations for the 1939 hypothesis.At the same time,it uses historical facts to distinguish between Xinhua Bookstore and Yan’an Xinhua Bookstore,and between the Xinhua Bookstore Headquarter and the head office of Xinhua Bookstore in Yan’an.By doing this,it provides new perspectives and explanations for the study of the history of Xinhua Bookstore.