顶爆作用下地下大跨度硐室抗爆性能研究

Study on Anti-Explosion Performance of Large-Span Underground Cavern under Top-Explosion Load

钻地武器爆炸荷载下地下工事的稳定是保障军事和物资储备安全的前提。通过物理模型试验和数值模拟相结合的方法,研究了顶爆作用下大跨度地下硐室的抗爆性能。研究结果表明:随着爆心距的增加,压应力峰值和位移峰值均逐渐降低,加速度响应主要发生在前20 ms;8 g TNT当量顶爆荷载作用下,爆点附近围岩破坏严重,硐室拱顶内壁出现轻微纵向裂缝,总体保持稳定;随着爆压峰值的增大,硐室变形逐渐增大,塑性区逐渐由爆腔向硐室扩展,衬砌结构的塑性区破坏范围也同步增大。根据硐室动态响应规律,可以针对硐室上方围岩和拱脚进行锚杆锚索加固,从而提高硐室的抗爆性能。研究结果可以为大跨度地下硐室抗爆设计提供有益借鉴。

The stability of underground fortifications under the explosion load of earth penetration weapon is the premise of ensuring the security of military and material reserves.Through the combination of model test and numerical simulation,the anti-blast performance of large-span underground caverns under the action of top explosion is quantitatively studied.The research results show that the peak values of compressive stress and displacement gradually decreased with the increase of the distance from the explosion center,and the acceleration response mainly occurred in the first 20 ms.Under the effect of the 8 g TNT equivalent top blast load,the surrounding rock near the explosion point was seriously damaged.The whole structure of cavern remained stable,while slight longitudinal cracks appeared in the vault of the cavern.With the increase of the peak explosion pressure,the deformation of the cavern gradually increased,the plastic zone gradually expanded from the explosion cavity to the cavern,and the damage range of the plastic zone of the lining structure also increased simultaneously.According to the dynamic response law of the cavern,the rock and arch foot above the cavern can be reinforced with anchor rod and cable,so as to improve the anti-explosion performance of the cavern.The research results can provide a useful reference for the anti-blast design of large-span underground caverns,and have certain strategic significance.