硼基复合金属燃料单颗粒点火与燃烧特性

Study on Single Particle Ignition and Combustion Characteristics of Boron-based Composite Metal Fuel

为解决硼点火困难和燃烧性能较差的问题,采用立式管式流化床反应炉研究了硼及硼基复合金属颗粒的点火和燃烧特性;应用能谱分析(EDS)和扫描电镜分析(SEM)对硼及硼基复合金属燃料单颗粒燃烧前后的微观形貌及元素进行分析,并采用双色法测量硼及硼基复合材料的燃烧温度分布。结果表明,硼及硼基复合金属颗粒的燃烧过程主要分为点火和燃烧两个阶段;铝、碳纳米管和石墨烯的加入减少了硼基复合材料点火延迟时间和燃烧时间;掺混燃料的比例越高,对点火延迟时间的影响也越大;此外,纳米铝的加入对点火延迟时间的影响最大;碳纳米管和石墨烯的加入对燃烧时间的影响最大。单颗粒纳米硼颗粒的燃烧温度为1772K,纳米铝的加入使得复合材料的燃烧温度提高到1830K;相反纳米铁的加入使混合材料的燃烧温度降低到1680K;石墨烯和碳纳米管的加入对复合材料的温度几乎没有影响。

To solve the problem of difficult ignition and poor combustion performance of boron particles,the effects of different particles and blending ratios on ignition and combustion characteristics of boron-based composite metal fuel were explored using a single particle experiment.The main combustion products were detected and analyzed by the energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The combustion temperature distributions were measured by the two-color pyrometry method.The results show that the combustion process of boron and boron-based composite metal particles is mainly divided into two stages including ignition and combustion stage.The addition of aluminum,carbon nanotubes,and graphene reduces the ignition delay time and combustion time.The influence of ignition delay time is increased with the increase of blending ratios.Moreover,the addition of nano-aluminum has the greatest effect on the ignition delay time of the composite fuel.The addition of carbon nanotubes and graphene has the greatest effect on the combustion time.The temperatures of the boron nanoparticles are measured and mostly distributed at 1772 K.The addition of nano-aluminum increases the combustion temperature of single particle to 1830 K,while the addition of nano-iron decreases the combustion temperature of single particle to 1680 K.The addition of graphene and carbon nanotubes has little effect on the combustion temperature.