深水网箱养殖的海浪灾害风险预警研究——以浙江省南麂岛地区为例

The Early Warning of Wave Disaster Risk in Deep-water Cage Culture: A case study of Nanji Island

文章通过分析养殖网箱的受灾机理,根据浮架变形断裂、锚绳断缆脱锚和网箱容积损失过大3种损坏形式,开展深水网箱损坏等级和风险预警等级划分;针对南麂岛6家网箱养殖企业,计算不同情景下的网箱损坏等级,建立定量化数据库,简化风险预警系统输入项,确定风险预警等级对应的浪高阈值,利用精细化风暴潮-近岸浪耦合数值预报模型,制作网箱受灾风险预警产品;经过1808号“玛莉亚”台风和1909号“利奇马”台风的验证,预测结果与实际受损情况一致,可为今后当地网箱养殖企业应对海浪灾害提供技术支撑和服务。

By analyzing the damage mechanism of the cage, the paper classified the damage level and risk early warning level of the deep-water cage according to the three damage forms of deformation and fracture of the floating frame, broken anchor rope and off anchor, and excessive volume loss of the cage. For the six cage farming enterprises in Nanji Island, the damage levels of cages under different scenarios were calculated, the quantitative database was established, the input items of risk early warning system were simplified, the wave height threshold corresponding to the risk early warning levels was analyzed and determined, and the refined storm surge nearshore wave coupling numerical prediction model was used to make cage disaster risk early warning products, which were verified by typhoon 1808 “Maria” and typhoon 1909 “Lekima”.The predicted results were consistent with the actual damage, which could provide technical support and services for local cage aquaculture enterprises to deal with wave disasters in the future.