浙江海洋浮标监测数据质量控制体系设计

Design of Quality Control System for Marine Buoy Monitoring Data in Zhejiang Province

准确有效的数据是开展各项海洋科学研究的基础和前提。与传统采样监测流程不同,海洋浮标在线监测从样品采集到数据结果完全实现自动化,数据质量控制的重点也不再聚焦于样品采集和分析测试阶段。文章选用浙江近年的浮标监测数据,结合浮标监测特点,从浮体稳定性、仪器设备校准、系统运行维护、数据传输接收、比对监测和异常值判定等关键环节,对浙江近岸海洋浮标监测数据质量控制体系进行设计,重点聚焦异常值判定和比对监测;建立质量控制方法库,提出浮标数据质量控制的有效、可信和相对准确3个层级的异常值判定规则,具有首创性,其中第一层为去除明显的故障值、异常值和离群值等无效数据后得到的有效数据集,第二层是经方法库选取合适的质控方法处理后得到的可信数据集,第三层是根据现场比对监测结果验证后的相对准确数据集。以浙江海洋浮标监测数据为基础提出的浮标监测数据质量控制体系的设计思路和方法,将有助于整体提升浙江近岸海域浮标在线监测数据质量,可为全国海洋浮标监测数据质量控制以及相关数据质量控制提供参考。

Accurate data is the basis for all marine scientific research. Different from the traditional sampling monitoring process, it is fully automated for marine buoy monitoring from sample collection to data results, and the focus of data quality control is no longer focused on the “sample collection-analysis and testing”. In this study, the quality control system for marine buoy monitoring data through analysis of the buoy data in the past two years was designed, including six items: floating body stability, instrument equipment calibration, system operation and maintenance, data transmission and reception, contrast monitoring, abnormal data determination, and abnormal data determination and contrast monitoring were focused on. This research established a quality control method library, and proposed three levels of abnormal data determination rules for buoy data quality control: valid, credible, and relatively accurate, which was innovative. The first layer is the valid data set obtained after removing the obvious fault values, outliers, and other invalid data;the second layer is the credible data set obtained after screening by various quality control methods from the method library;the third layer is relatively accurate data set verified against field contrast monitoring results. Based on the marine buoy monitoring data in Zhejiang Province, the design ideas and methods of the quality control system for buoy monitoring data were proposed, which would help to improve the quality of the online monitoring data of buoys in the coastal waters of Zhejiang.This design would provide a reference for the national marine buoy monitoring data quality control.