乡村振兴背景下村干部年轻化与村级治理悬浮化——以陕西西安G镇为例

Younger Village Cadres Under the Background of Rural Revitalization and Suspension of Village-level Governance--Take G Town in Xi′an City of Shaanxi Province as an Example

分析陕西西安G镇村干部年轻化现象后发现:村干部年轻化并未将年轻人的人力资本优势转变成村庄治理能力,反而造成了村级治理的悬浮化。年轻村干部与村庄处于经济和社会双重脱嵌的关系中,不仅自身利益和身体不在村庄,而且生活面向、社会关系和价值归属也均不在村庄;导致简约治理模式的削弱,村干部的社会性激励弱化、村庄内的地方性规范失效,社会性资源无法转化成治理资源。村级治理因此走向悬浮化:一方面,陷入与村民需求相互脱离的内卷化困境;另一方面,又陷入既排斥老村干部又依赖老村干部的非正式顾问化困境。年轻人参与村级治理的关键不在于全盘年轻化,而在于后备干部的梯队建设。

"Who will govern the village"is of great significance to the smooth advancement of rural revitalization,and youthful village cadres has become a practical answer given by some regions.Through the analysis of the phenomenon of younger village cadres in G town,Xi′an,Shaanxi,the study found that younger village cadres did not turn the advantages of young people′s human capital into village governance capabilities,but instead caused the suspension of village-level governance.Young village cadres and the village are in a dual de-embedding relationship of economic de-embedding and social de-embedding.Not only are their interests and bodies not in the village,nor their life orientation,social relations,and value attribution are in the village.This led to the weakening of the simple governance model,social incentives for village cadres weakened,local norms in the village failed,and social resources cannot be transformed into governance resources.Therefore,village-level governance tends to be suspended:on the one hand,it falls into the dilemma of involute separation from the needs of the villagers;on the other hand,it falls into the dilemma of informally consulting the old village cadres and relying on the old village cadres.The key to the participation of young people in village-level governance is not in overall rejuvenation,but in the echelon construction of reserve cadres.