风险沟通:人体基因编辑技术风险的法律制度构建

Risk Communication:Building Legal System of Human Gene Editing Technology Risk

人体基因编辑技术的应用及其独特风险典型地体现出当前社会面对新兴科技发展时的困境。风险预防原则需要辅之以更为具体细致的风险治理模式和法律制度。商谈—建构模式通过广泛授予行政机关在综合考量社会公众诉求的基础上持续解决问题的自由裁量权,能够达到有效应对人体基因编辑风险的目的。风险沟通以商谈为核心,在风险规制的各个环节之中,能确保不同主体之间及时分享风险相关信息并进行有效的沟通和交流。确立和完善风险沟通的法律制度定位,有助于建立社会公众对专家和行政决策者的信任,提高社会应对新兴科技风险的能力。

The application of human gene editing technology and its unique risks typically reflect the current social dilemma in the oncoming emerging science and technology.The principle of risk prevention needs to be supplemented by a more specific and detailed risk governance model and legal system.The negotiation-construction model can effectively deal with the risk of human gene editing by widely granting administrative organs the right to freely solve problems on the basis of comprehensive consideration of public demands.Risk communication takes negotiation as the core.In each link of risk regulation,it can ensure that different subjects timely share risk-related information and carry out effective communication and exchange.Establishing and improving the legal system orientation of risk communication will help build the public’s trust in experts and administrative decision-makers,and improve the society’s ability to deal with emerging scientific and technological risks.