基于需求的安全与应急类人才培养超越战略

A super strategy of personnel training for safety and emergency management based on requirements

为满足高风险社会对安全与应急类特色专业人才的紧迫需要,借助文献分析和相关课题组调研资料,基于“总体安全观”思想,确定涵盖6大类学科专业的研究范畴,构建“需求-超越”框架进行深入分析。研究结果认为,当前中国安全与应急类专业人才缺口巨大,层次结构和区域分布不合理,适应灾种不匹配,新专业人才质量短期难以适需。结论认为,国家亟须加快超越现有办学模式、学科专业设置和教学模式等,加快组建高水平的安全与应急类高校,合理设置安全学或交叉学科专业、职业资格制度,多措并举强化师资队伍,推行“三化三制”教学方式,学历教育和在职在岗教培等多元化培养方式并举,逐步壮大人才培养规模,提升人才培养质量,改善人才适需结构。

In order to meet the urgent needs of high-risk society for professionals with specialties in safety and emergency response,with the help of literature analysis and research data of relevant research groups,based on the idea of“the overall safety concept”,the research scope covering 6 major disciplines is determined,and the construction of“requirements-transcending”framework is built for in-depth analysis.The research results show that there is a huge gap of safety and emergency professionals in China,the hierarchical structure and regional distribution are unreasonable,the adaptation to disaster types is not matched,and the quality of new professionals is difficult to meet the needs in the short term.The conclusion is that it is urgent for the country to go beyond the existing school-running model,discipline and professional setting and teaching model,we should speed up the establishment of high-level safety and emergency colleges and universities,reasonably set up safety science or interdisciplinary discipline,and vocational qualification systems,and take multiple measures to strengthen teachers team,implement the“three modernizations and three systems”teaching method,adopt diversified training methods such as academic education and on-the-job training,gradually expand the scale of talent training,improve the quality of talent training and the structure of talent needs adapting.