陕西文化企业技术效率差异及影响因素研究

Differences and Influencing Factors of Technical Efficiency of Cultural Enterprises in Shaanxi Province

运用两阶段分析法对陕西文化企业的技术效率及影响因素进行研究,基于2019—2020年陕西省338家重点文化企业调研数据并结合DEA模型对陕西文化企业技术效率进行测算,同时运用Tobit回归分析文化企业技术效率的影响因素作用机制。结果发现:仅有2%的企业综合技术效率有效,超过33%的甚至低于0.1;从行业来看,新闻信息服务行业技术效率最高,综合技术效率为0.263,另外各行业的规模效率值都远高于纯技术效率值;关中地区企业技术效率要显著高于陕北、陕南地区,而陕北地区技术效率又略高于陕南地区;企业规模技术效率值呈显著负相关,而企业研发投入、员工受教育程度和获得政府资助项目数量对技术效率呈显著正相关。

This paper used two-stage analysis method to study the technical efficiency and influencing factors of Shaanxi cultural enterprises.Firstly,based on the survey data of 338 key cultural enterprises in Shaanxi Province from 2019 to 2020 and combined with DEA model,the technical efficiency of cultural enterprises in Shaanxi province was estimated.Meanwhile,Tobit regression was used to analyze the mechanism of influencing factors of technical efficiency of cultural enterprises.The results show that:Only 2%of enterprises have effective comprehensive technical efficiency,and the comprehensive technical efficiency of more than 33%of them are even lower than 0.1.From the perspective of industry,the technical efficiency of news and information service industry is the highest,and the comprehensive technical efficiency is 0.263.In addition,the scale efficiency of all industries is much higher than the pure technical efficiency.The technical efficiency of enterprises in Guanzhong area is significantly higher than that in northern Shaanxi and southern Shaanxi,while the technical efficiency of enterprises in northern Shaanxi is slightly higher than that in southern Shaanxi.There is a significant negative correlation between enterprise size and technical efficiency,while enterprise R&D investment,employees education level and the number of government-funded projects have a significant positive correlation with technical efficiency.