三江平原典型区地下水位对降水及河水位变化的响应

Response of groundwater level to precipitation and river stage in the typical district of Sanjiang Plain

选取三江平原典型区松花江、乌苏里江河流附近建设街、海青地下水位站及相邻的富锦、海青水文站为研究对象,采用2007—2016年逐月降水、地下水位和河水位数据,利用互相关分析和交叉小波变换方法开展地下水位对降水的响应研究,并对地下水位和河水位进行偏相关分析,阐释地下水位对降水响应的时滞差异。结果表明:地下水位和河水位存在显著相关关系,且松花江、乌苏里江段两者的偏相关系数分别为0.880、0.511,说明河水位明显影响河流附近地下水位对降水的响应;研究区内松花江、乌苏里江段河流附近地下水位对降水的滞后水平存在时空差异,滞后时间分别为21.65 d、2.17 d;此外,2007—2016年地下水和河水的补排关系总体表现为地下水补给河水,且松花江段河水位和附近地下水位的关系更紧密,即松花江段河水和地下水的交互作用更强,故松花江段相邻地下水位对降水的滞后时间更长。研究结果为掌握该地区地下水水位时空变化规律和水资源的合理开发利用及管理提供了科学依据。

To clarify the influence of precipitation and river stage on the variation of groundwater level,the correlation among precipitation,groundwater level,and river stage in the typical area of Sanjiang Plain was quantitatively analyzed,and how the river stage affects the response of nearby groundwater level to precipitation was discussed.The Jianshe street and Haiqing groundwater level observation stations near Songhuajiang River and Wusulijiang River and adjacent Fujin and Haiqing hydrological stations in the typical area of Sanjiang Plain were selected as the research objects.The monthly precipitation,groundwater level,and river stage from 2007 to 2016were used to study the response of groundwater level to precipitation by the cross-correlation analysis method and cross wavelet transform method,and the partial correlation analysis of groundwater level and river stage was carried out to explain the time lag difference of groundwater level response to precipitation.