不同烟草青枯病抗感品种根际土壤细菌群落结构特征分析

Analysis of Bacterial Community Structure Characteristics in Rhizosphere Soil of Different Tobacco Bacterial Wilt Resistant and Susceptible Varieties

本研究以烟草青枯病不同抗性烤烟品种“云烟87”“HN2146”“K326”和“GZ36”为试验材料,在湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州进行田间试验,采用16SrDNA高通量测序方法,分析了4个烟草品种根际土壤细菌群落结构特征.结果表明,感病品种“云烟87”与抗病品种“GZ36”和“HN2146”在微生物群落结构上差异显著,感病品种“云烟87”根际中主要以变形菌门为主,抗病品种“K326”和“HN2146”主要以酸杆菌门和芽单胞菌门为主.在抗病品种“K326”和“HN2146”中,与抗病相关的细菌类群如芽单胞菌门相对丰度分别为5.43%和4.80%,显著高于“云烟87”相对丰度4.16%.此外,抗病品种“GZ36”“K326”和“HN2146”中的劳尔氏菌属(Ralstonia)的相对丰度分别为0.002%, 0.009%和0.005%,显著低于“云烟87”的0.12%.研究结果表明,抗病品种根部能够富集有益微生物种群,可抑制Ralstonia属种群丰度,提高自身抗病性.本研究解析了烟草青枯病不同抗感品种根际土壤细菌群落结构的差异,为烟株抗青枯病的微生态机理和今后青枯病的防控提供了理论支撑.

In this study, field experiments were conducted in Xiangxi, Hunan Province, using tobacco varieties ‘Yunyan 87’‘HN2146’‘K326’ and ‘GZ36’ with different resistance to tobacco bacterial wilt as materials. 16 S rDNA was used to analyze the characteristics of rhizosphere soil bacterial community structure of four varieties by high-throughput sequencing method. The results showed that there were significant differences in microbial community structure between susceptible variety ‘Yunyan 87’ and resistant varieties ‘GZ36’ and ‘HN2146’. The rhizosphere of susceptible variety ‘Yunyan 87’ was mainly dominated by Proteobacteria, while resistant varieties ‘K326’ and ‘HN2146’ were mainly dominated by Acidobacteriota and Gemmatimonadota. In resistant varieties ‘K326’ and ‘HN2146’, the relative abundances of disease resistant bacterial groups such as Gemmatimonadota were 5.43% and 4.80%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of ‘Yunyan 87’(4.16%). In addition, the relative abundance of Ralstonia in resistant varieties ‘GZ36’ ‘K326’ and ‘HN2146’ was 0.002%, 0.009% and 0.005%, respectively, which was significantly lower than 0.12% of ‘Yunyan 87’. It shows that the roots of disease resistant varieties can enrich beneficial microbial populations, inhibit the population abundance of Ralstonia, and improve their own disease resistance. This study analyzed the differences of rhizosphere soil bacterial community structure of different tobacco bacterial wilt resistant and susceptible varieties, and provided theoretical support for the microecological mechanism of tobacco plant resistance to bacterial wilt, and the prevention and control of bacterial wilt in the future.