基于手机信令数据的北京市人口空间分布特征

The spatial distribution characteristics of Beijing population based on mobile phone signaling data

手机信令数据兼有时间信息和空间信息,是用于研究人口空间分布、城市空间特征较好的大数据。利用手机信令数据和乡镇区划数据,分类分乡镇分析提取不同口径用户数量及用户密度概率分布函数,北京市人口空间分布及其均衡性。研究发现:北京市人口分布呈现出由首都功能核心区向中心城区和新城扩散的态势,对于手机信令可分时段统计用户,呈现出人口密度分布并不平衡,中心城区和新城个别街道如卢沟桥街道、新桥街道、沙河地区等工作居住用户远超于其他乡镇街道,人口聚集明显;在职住方面,个别街道存在就业功能空间外溢,居住功能空间紧张的现象,职住用户分布不匹配现象。

Mobile signaling data has both time information and spatial information.It is a good big data for studying the spatial distribution of population and urban spatial characteristics.Based on the mobile signaling data and township zoning data,the probability distribution function of the number of users and user density with different caliber was analyzed and extracted by classification and township,and the spatial distribution and balance of population in Beijing.It was found that the population distribution in Beijing showed a trend of diffusion from the functional core area of the capital to the central urban area and new town.For the statistical users of mobile signaling in different periods,the population density distribution was uneven.The working and living users in individual streets of the central urban area and new Town,such as Lugouqiao street,Xinqiao street and Shahe area,were much higher than those in other township streets,and the population aggregation was obvious;In terms of on-the-job housing,some streets have overflow of employment function space,tight living function space and mismatched distribution of on-the-job housing users.