咸宁市初中近视学生焦虑现况调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Myopic in Junior High School Students in Xianning

目的调查分析咸宁市初中学生视力状况,初中近视学生焦虑发生情况,为初中近视学生视力保健和心理健康干预提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取咸宁市2所中学的初中生为调查对象,采用自行设计的调查问卷收集学生基本资料并检查视力,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)评估焦虑状态,采用卡方检验与Logistic回归分析进行统计学分析。结果发放问卷1187份,回收有效问卷1087份,回收率91.58%,检出近视学生714例(65.69%),检出焦虑151例(21.14%),多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,近视女生患有焦虑的危险度是男生的1.619倍;7年级和8年级近视学生患有焦虑的危险度分别是9年级的0.573倍、0.952倍;以高度近视为参照,轻度近视与中度近视学生出现焦虑的危险度是分别是0.401倍、0.721倍;以戴镜时间2年以上为参照,戴镜时间<1年和1~2年的近视学生有焦虑情绪的危险度分别是0.443倍、0.759倍。结论咸宁市初中学生视力低下率较高,在近视学生中出现焦虑情绪人数所占比重较大,高度近视、戴眼镜时间2年以上、初中9年级、初中女生更容易产生焦虑情绪。

Objective To explore the junior high school students in Xianning for the present situation of vison condition as well as the incidence of anxiety in myopic one, and try to provide scientifical vision care and evaluation on psychological health to myopic junior high school students in light of these existing circumstances. Methods Based on the junior high school students from 2 junior high school in Xianning.Stratified cluster sampling method was used to choose students to complete self-designed questionnaire and SAS to collect basic information included vision condition as well as situation of anxiety.All data was statistically analyzed with ch-square test and Logistic regression.Results Out of 1187 students to whom the questionnaire was sent, there were 1087 answered effectively.The recovery rate had achieved 91.58%.There were 714 students with myopic eyes and 151 had anxiety, which implied the rate of myopic students was 65.69% and rate of anxious students was 21.14%.Multivariate Logistic regression indicated that myopic girls were at 1.619 risk of falling into anxiety compared with myopic boys;seventh and eighth myopic graders were at 0.573 and 0.952 risk of feeling anxiety compared with ninth myopic graders;mild and medium myopic students were at 0.401 and 0.721 risk of feeling anxiety compared with high myopic students;myopic students in spectacles for less than 1 year and 1-2 years were at 0.443 and 0.759 risk of feeling anxiety compared with those who in spectacles for more than 2 years.Conclusion Incidences of low vision and anxiety are high in junior high school students in Xianning.Female students, ninth graders and students in spectacles for more than 2 years are easier to fall into anxiety.