民初大理院民事裁判中的宪法法源

On the Constitutional Sources in Civil Precedents of the Supreme Court in the Early Period of the Republic of China

民国初年北洋政府时期,在匮乏的民事法源无法满足公民基本权利纠纷案件审判需要,立法关涉法院在民事裁判中适用宪法相关规定缺位、模糊的情况下,大理院乃至地方审判厅开创性地将《中华民国临时约法》中“信教自由”“人民一律平等”等基本权利规范用于民事司法实践中,捍卫了这一根本大法的尊严和权威,保障了公民基本权利,更新了社会思想观念。

During the period of the Beiyang government in the early years of the Republic of China,under the circumstances that the lack of civil law sources cannot meet the trial needs of civil disputes over fundamental rights,and the relevant provisions of the Constitution on the application of legislation to civil adjudication by courts are absent and vague,the Supreme Court and the District Court initially and creatively applied the norms of basic rights such as“freedom of religious belief”and“equality of all people”in The Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China to civil judicial practice,thus further safeguarding the dignity and authority of the Constitution,protecting the basic rights of citizens as well as innovating and updating social ideology.