伦理视角下的异种移植

The Ethical Aspects of Xenotransplantation

本文探讨了异种移植在伦理方面存在的问题,把潜在的反对异种移植的伦理意见按照论证方式划分为绝对论证、内在论证和外在论证,并且逐一评估了这三种论证。研究表明,尽管异种移植存在伦理方面的问题,但并不存在反对异种移植的绝对理由。伦理方面存在的问题恰恰要求进一步推动这一领域的基础研究。与异种移植的潜在替代方案相比,尽管目前异种移植作为一种治疗方案尚面临伦理困境,但相较于其他方案,异种移植仍应当被认定为在伦理上是适当的。

In this paper the ethical aspects of xenotransplantation are examined.Three kinds of ethical arguments are distinguished and the main objections against xenotransplantation are classified thereby.It is shown that there are ethically problematic aspects in xenotransplantation(e.g.animal rights,risks),but that there are no absolute arguments against xenotransplantation.Although taking xenotransplantation as therapy at present cannot be justified on ethical grounds by now good arguments can be found for continuing research in this area.Compared to possible alternatives xenotransplantation can be regarded as an ethical acceptable way of overcoming the shortage of human organs suited for transplantation.