教育大数据如何驱动个性化学习——美国中小学的践行路径与运行保障

How Does Education Big Data Drive Personalized Learning——Practice Path and Operation Guarantee of Primary and Secondary Schools in the United States

教育大数据有助于推动标准一致学习路径向个性化学习范式转变。美国基于教育大数据驱动个性化学习的内在价值和外部需求,实现了教育大数据驱动学生个体数字画像绘制精准化、驱动学习计划制定合理化、驱动学习模式设计科学化、驱动学习评价反馈动态化。为顺利实施教育大数据驱动个性化学习路径,美国中小学基于海量教育数据筑牢数据驱动个性化学习根基,持续经费援助加速数据驱动个性化学习架构,多元利益主体推动数据驱动个性化战略落实,由此形成了教育大数据驱动个性化学习的物力、财力与人力支持体系。参照美国教育大数据驱动个性化学习经验,我国中小学可系统强化学生教育大数据资源库开发建设,牢固树立教育大数据驱动个性化学习理念,精准施策教育大数据驱动个性化学习机制,全面构建教育大数据驱动个性化支持体系,以充分发挥教育大数据资源潜力。

Education big data helps to promote the transformation from standard-based learning to personalized learning paradigm. Based on the internal values and external needs, the United States has established the paths of practices, including using big data to formulate accurate digital portraits of students, to make reasonable learning plans, to design scientific learning patterns, and to implement dynamic learning evaluation and to provide feedback for individual students. At the same time, in order to achieve the goal to facilitate personalized learning with education big data, the primary and secondary schools in the United States have built a solid foundation, continually introduced financial assistance to accelerate the data-driven personalized learning construction process, and promoted multiple stakeholders to implement the strategy. As consequence, the primary and secondary schools of the United States have formed a material, financial and human operation guarantee system. Based on the experience of the U.S., the primary and secondary schools of China could strengthen the development and construction of education big data resource database systematically, firmly establish the concept of education big data driven personalized learning, accurately implement the education big data driven personalized learning mechanism, and build the education big data driven personalized support system comprehensively, so as to give full play to the potential of education big data resources.