集注之羽翼:刘绍攽《四书凝道录》的学术旨趣及其思想史意义

The Value of Annotations:The Academic Purpose of Liu Shaoban’s On the Rich Implications of the Four Classics and its Significance in Intellectual History

刘绍攽不仅是清代朱子学领袖李光地的再传弟子,亦是乾嘉时期汉学日炽、宋学渐微之时为数不多的以朱子学自居的学者之一。他倾心撰述的《四书凝道录》以抉发朱注本旨和重塑朱子权威为诉求,以扩俗学之拘墟,辟杂统之糟粕,校汉宋之得失为进路,呈现出推阐朱注、折中百家、批判阳明和不废训诂的学术特质,相应地涵具丰富而典范的学术史意义:一是挺立和维系朱子学的权威,延缓宋学的衰落速度;二是以个案的形式昭示着张载关学并非铁板一块的不重训诂,提醒我们注意普遍之下的个别;三是见证和助推清代中叶四书学研究向“义理纯粹、考证精密、内容切实”转变。

Liu Shaoban is not only a second-generation disciple of Li Guangdi,the leader of Chu His Studies in the Qing dynasty,but also an outstanding scholar of Sinology in the period of Qianlong and Jiaqing,and one of the few scholars of Chu Hsi Studies when Song studies(a kind of Neo-Confucianism)declined gradually.On the Rich Implications of the Four Classics,which he wrote with great dedication,aims to follow the original intention of Chu His’s annotations,resume Chu His’s authority,expand the narrow visions of academic circles,abandon the unorthodox dross,learn from the gains and losses in the Han and Song dynasties,and show the academic characteristics of praising Chu His’s annotations,integrating various theories,criticizing Wang Yangming and inheriting the traditional Chinese?exegetics.This book accordingly has rich and exemplary significance of academic history:firstly,it carries forward and maintains the authority of Chu His Studies and delays the decline of Song studies;secondly,the cases in the book show that the Guan School led by Zhang Zai is not totally against exegetical studies,reminding us to pay attention to individuality in universality;thirdly,it witnesses and boosts the shift of research on The Four Classics in the middle of the Qing dynasty to the pure theoretical studies,precise textual research and practical content.