中国数字资本服务测算

Accounting of China’s Digital Capital Service

资本服务是衡量资本投入、考察经济增长贡献的最佳指标。结合数字经济内涵,探讨可比口径下参数模式组合,构建了一个契合数字资本特征的数字资本服务测算框架,并对1995-2020年中国数字资本服务展开实际测算。参数模式组合对比发现,数字资本服务对单一役龄效率函数及平均役龄效率函数的选择尤为敏感,钟形退役模式下的变动平均双曲线役龄效率函数与数字资本特征更为相符。测算结果表明,1995年以来我国数字资本服务增势显著,年均增速高达18.32%,较非数字资本高6.29个百分点,数字资本正在逐渐取代传统资本成为驱动中国经济发展的新引擎。软件资本服务自2007年起步入快速增长阶段,高达16.51%的年均增速推动其在资本服务中的份额由31.75%迅速提升至54.69%,预示着中国数字资本投资结构已由“硬件偏向”特征向“均衡配置”特征转变。

Capital service is the best indicator to measure capital investment and examine the contribution of economic growth. According to the connotation of digital economy, by discussing the parameter setting combinations under comparable calibers, a digital capital service measurement framework that fits the characteristics of digital assets is constructed, and the practical measurement of China’s digital capital services from 1995 to 2020 is carried out. Comparison of the parameter setting combinations reveals that digital capital services are particularly sensitive to the selection of the single service age efficiency function and the average service age efficiency function. The average service age efficiency function, based on the assumption that not all assets in a given cohort retires at the same time, is more consistent with the characteristics of digital assets. The calculation results show that digital capital services have grown significantly since 1995, with an average annual growth rate of 18.32%, 6.29 percentage points higher than that of non-digital capital, and digital capital is becoming the new engine of driving Chinese economy development by replacing traditional capital. Since 2007, software capital services have entered into fast-growing period, 16.51% annual increasing rate boosting their share of capital services from 31.75% to 54.69%, indicating a shift in the structure of digital capital investment in China from "hardware favored" to "balanced allocation".