多学科协作护理干预在下肢骨折患者中的应用效果

Application effect of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing intervention in patients with lower extremity fractures

目的评价多学科协作护理干预在下肢骨折患者中的实施效果和价值。方法选取2020年1月至2022年3月南华大学附属南华医院收治的300例下肢骨折患者为研究对象,按简单随机抽样法分为对照组和观察组,每组150例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予常规护理联合多学科协作护理干预。比较2组的并发症发生率、术后恢复指标、膝关节活动度和患肢肿胀程度。结果观察组感染、压疮和深静脉血栓的并发症总发生率为3.33%,较对照组的9.33%更低(P<0.05)。观察组的术后下床活动时间、骨折愈合时间均较对照组更早,住院时间较对照组更短(P均<0.05)。术后2周、1个月和3个月,2组的膝关节活动度均较术后当日增大(P均<0.05),且观察组均较同期对照组更大(P均<0.05);2组的患肢肿胀程度均较术后当日减轻(P均<0.05),且观察组均较同期对照组更轻(P均<0.05)。结论对下肢骨折患者施以多学科协作护理干预,在减少并发症发生、促进骨折愈合方面均具有积极作用,此外,还能增加膝关节活动度,减轻患肢肿胀程度,缩短住院时间。

Objective To evaluate the application effect and value of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing intervention in the patients with lower extremity fractures.Methods A total of 300 patients with lower extremity fractures at the Affiliated Nanhua Hospital,University of South China from January 2020 to March 2022 were included in the study.They were assigned into control and observation groups by simple random sampling,with 150 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing,and the observation group was additionally given multidisciplinary collaborative nursing intervention.The incidence of complications,postoperative recovery indicators,knee range of motion,and swelling degree of the affected extremity were compared between the two groups.Results The total incidence of complications such as infections,pressure ulcers,and deep vein thrombosis in the observation group was 3.33%,which was lower than 9.33%in the control group(P<0.05).The postoperative ambulation time,fracture healing time,and hospitalization time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group(all P<0.05).At 2 weeks,1 month,and 3 months after operation,the knee range of motion in the two groups was increased compared with that on the operation day(all P<0.05),and the knee range of motion in the observation group was greater than that in the control group(all P<0.05).The swelling degree of the affected extremity in the two groups was reduced compared with that on the operation day(all P<0.05),and the swelling degree in the observation group was better than that in the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion Multidisciplinary collaborative nursing intervention for patients with lower extremity fractures has a positive effect on reducing the complications and promoting the fracture healing.In addition,it can increase the knee range of motion,reduce the swelling degree of the affected extremity,and shorten the hospital stay.