石嘴山地区梯牧草花粉及大籽蒿与过敏性鼻炎相关性研究

Study on the correlation between allergic rhinitis and phleum pratense pollen and artemisia sieversiana in Shizuishan area

目的 探讨石嘴山地区梯牧草及大籽蒿花粉与过敏性鼻炎的相关性研究。方法 选取201例过敏性鼻炎患者,以梯牧草和大籽蒿为过敏原的过敏性鼻炎患者为研究对象,并与同期花粉浓度进行比较。结果 梯牧草致过敏性鼻炎患者发病时间为6~8个月,共计76例。其中单纯梯牧草过敏12例,男性5例,女性7例;梯牧草合并大籽蒿过敏64例,男性30例,女性34例。梯牧草过敏检测阳性与梯牧草过敏检测阴性患者比较,性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),年龄差异呈正相关性(P<0.05),主要集中在18~50岁。经过皮肤点刺试验后,分为单纯梯牧草过敏与梯牧草合并大籽蒿过敏2组,患者并发症差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 梯牧草是我国北方地区一种较少的花粉过敏原,同时其花粉季节与大籽蒿重叠,梯牧草花粉与大籽蒿花粉之间的交叉反应更容易诱发过敏性哮喘、过敏性结膜炎以及过敏性咳嗽。

Objective To study the correlation between allergic rhinitis and phleum pratense pollen and artemisia sieversiana in Shizuishan area.Methods 201 patients with allergic rhinitis were selected, and the allergic rhinitis patients with phleum pratense pollen and artemisia sieversiana were selected as the research objects, and the pollen concentration was compared with the same period.Results The onset time of patients with allergic rhinitis caused by phleum pratense pollen was from 6 to 8 months, and there were 76 patients with allergic rhinitis in total. Among them, there were 12 cases of allergy to herbage, 5 males and 7 females. There were 64 cases of allergy reaction of phleum pratense combined with artemisia sieversiana, 30 males and 34 females. There was no statistical significance in the gender of positive phleum pratense testing and negative artemisia sieversiana testing(P>0.05). It was positively correlated with age(P<0.05),mainly concentrated in the 18~50 years old. After skin prick test, the patients were divided into two groups: pure phleum pratense allergy and phleum pratense combined with artemisia sieversiana. There was no statistical significance in the comorbidities of the patients(P<0.05).Conclusion Phleum pratense is one of the few pollen allergens in northern China, and its pollen season overlaps with artemisia sieversiana. The cross-reaction between phleum pratense and artemisia sieversiana is more likely to induce allergic asthma, allergic conjunctivitis and allergic cough.