中国制造业企业投入服务化对环境绩效的影响研究

Analysis on the Impact of Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises Servitization on Environmental Performance

文章首次将企业多产品出口行为纳入经典制造业企业投入服务化分析框架,利用OECD-ICIOT投入产出表测算了中国不同贸易方式下制造业企业投入服务化率,厘清了制造业企业投入服务化影响环境绩效的微观机制,分析了跟随企业“学习效应”对制造业企业投入服务化影响环境绩效的调节作用。研究发现,制造业企业投入服务化通过“纯技术进步效应”与“转型升级效应”实现环境改善,并且对环境绩效的提升作用因贸易方式、技术复杂度、所有制、所处区域及行业性质不同而存在差异;跟随企业能够获得“学习效应”带来的后发优势,但更倾向于将服务要素投入前端生产环节而忽视末端污染处理,导致“学习效应”抑制了企业投入服务化的正向环境效应。

This paper incorporates the multi-product export behavior of enterprises into the analysis framework of input servitization of classic manufacturing enterprises for the first time, and uses the OECD-ICIOT input-output table to measure the servitization rate of manufacturing enterprises′ input.It also sorts out the micro-mechanism of servitization affecting environmental performance, and further analyses the moderating effect of the " learning effect" of following enterprises on the impact of servitization on environmental performance of manufacturing enterprises. The study found that the investment in servitization of manufacturing enterprises achieves environmental improvement through the " pure technological progress effect" and "transformation and upgrading effect", and the improvement effect on environmental performance varies with trade modes, technical complexity,ownership, regions and nature of industries. Flollowing enterprises can obtain the late-mover advantage brought by the " learning effect", but they are more inclined to put service elements into the front-end production process and ignore the end-end pollution treatment, resulting in the " learning effect" that inhibits the positive environmental impact of the enterprise′s investment in service. The above conclusions provide a possible paradigm reference for the subsequent measurement of servitization of China′s manufacturing enterprises, and provide a possible way and theoretical basis for the green and sustainable development of China′s manufacturing industry.