用户标签的法律性质与治理逻辑

The Legal Character and Governance Logic of User Tags

个体层面的个人信息权益与企业数据财产建构的主张不足以解释数据资源背后的群体性权益,恰如用户标签不仅描述了自然人的个体属性,还反映了被学者们所忽视的自然人群体的共同属性,当前学术讨论存在简化用户标签承载多元法益的误区。用户标签包含了个体性权益和社会关系权益的数据要素,因为在数据关系理论框架下,数据经济价值不单是数据本身,还包括数据所反映的群体性偏好、社交关系等信息内容。数据处理者精细划分用户标签数量和类型,其目的是更精准、更全面地获取不同用户群体之间的社会关系,而这正是以用户群体而非用户个体为基础,延伸数据安全保障义务内容的正当性依据,即数据处理活动应当以有利于数据资源再生产和预防数据群权益损害的方式进行。

The individual-level personal information rights and interests and enterprise-data property construction claims are insufficient to explain the group rights and interests behind data resources.As user tags not only describe the individual attributes of natural persons,but also reflect the common attributes of natural person groups that are ignored by scholars.And the current theory has the misconception of simplifying user tags to carry multiple legal interests.User tags contain data elements of individuality and social relationship interests.Because under the data relationship theory,the economic value of data is not only the data itself,but also the information content of group preferences and social relationships reflected by the data.The purpose of data processors to finely divide the number and type of user tags is to obtain the social relationship between different user groups more precisely and comprehensively.And this is the justification basis for extending the content of data security protection obligations based on user groups rather than individual users.Data processing activities should be carried out in a way that is conducive to the reproduction of data resources and the prevention of the interests damage of data groups.