“县”为单元的中层理论政策实施及分析框架

“County”as a Unit of Middle Range Theory: Policy Iimplementation and Analysis Framework

构建政策实施的中层理论,对深入理解和阐释我国政治过程的内在机制有重要意义,而中层理论建构的切入点之一是分析单元的恰当选择。我国治理现代化过程中对县域的聚焦,为“县”作为分析单元提供了可能性,但其在研究中尚处于典型而模糊的状态。反思既有研究可以发现:在政策执行研究中,需转换定位将县作为“独特整体”,而非地方/基层的典型代表;在政策试验研究中,则需从“局部试验”的思路转换为“单元试验”,把握县作为“试验单元”的价值。研究提炼了“县级独特性”和“县域整体性”两个核心维度,搭建了“县”为单元的政策实施分析框架,为新时代县域政策实施分析的推进提供了新视角与方法论参考,同时对整合经验发现以构建县为单元的中层理论、理解我国政策实施、解读国家治理与基层治理的关联具有借鉴意义。

Constructing the middle-range theory of policy implementation is of great significance to deeply understand and explain the internal mechanism of China’s political process, and one of the starting points of middle-range theory construction is the appropriate choice of an analytical unit. In the process of China’s governance modernization, the focus of the prefecture region provides the possibility for prefecture as an analytical unit, on which, however, the research is still in a typical and vague state. Through reviewing on existing studies,it can be found that: in the studies of policy implementation, it is necessary to regard prefecture as a“unique whole”instead of a typical local/grassroots representative, in the studies of policy experiment, it is necessary to transform the idea of“partial experiment”into the one of“unit experiment”and to grasp the value of prefecture as an“experimental unit”. This article refines two core dimensions(i.e. prefecture-level uniqueness and integrity of the prefecture region), constructs an analytical framework of policy implementation in which prefecture is taken as a unit, and provides a new perspective and methodological reference for the promotion of the analysis of policy implementation in the prefecture region. Meanwhile, this paper is of reference significance in integrating empirical phenomena to discover the construction of the middle-range theory in which prefecture is taken as a unit, and in understanding China’s policy implementation and interpreting the correlation between national governance and grassroots governance.