秸秆资源化再利用理论逻辑、主体行为逻辑与长效机制

THEORETICAL LOGIC,STAKEHOLDERS’PERFORMANCE LOGIC AND SUSTAINABLE MECHANISM FOR CROP STRAW RESOURCES REUSE

[目的]秸秆资源化再利用是农业农村绿色、高质量发展的重点任务,实践中仍然存在技术、政策、产业化等层面的各种瓶颈,构建秸秆综合利用长效机制是解决问题之根本。[方法]文章基于制度变迁和环境外部性理论视角,系统分析了秸秆资源化再利用的理论逻辑。结合文献与实地调研,深度剖析了实践中秸秆资源化再利用所面临的各种困境,并通过秸秆资源化利用产业链上相关主体的行为逻辑分析。[结果](1)构建秸秆商业化再利用全产业链是秸秆资源化再利用可持续的前提。(2)在秸秆再利用产业化发展初期,很难依靠完全的市场化实现集体帕累托最优,需要政府给予更多的普惠性扶持。(3)通过秸秆资源化再利用的3个典型案例分析,详细阐述了实践中不同商业模式下市场主体和政府的各自角色作用。[结论]从科学发挥政府有效作用、多措并举提升产品竞争力、营造绿色生产消费社会氛围等方面,提出构建秸秆综合利用长效机制的具体政策建议。

Crop straw resources reuse is the key task to fulfill the green development of agricultural and rural areas,while there are still lots of hurdles during the reuse practice at technical,policy and industry levels.It has been recognized that a sustainable mechanism for the straw utilization is fundamentally to solve the issue.Building a long-term mechanism of straw comprehensive utilization is the fundamental to solve the problem.Based on the system evolution and environmental externality theory,the theoretical reuse logic of straw resources was analyzed.Combined with literature and on-site investigation,the practical barriers during the straw reuse industry and commercial operation processes were analyzed as well.Then,the action logic of different stakeholders of the reuse industry chain was compared based on the stakeholders'performance theory.It was found that building the whole industrial chain of straw commercial reuse is the premise of sustainable straw resource reuse.Moreover,it's difficult to realize collective Pareto optimality by single market tools at the early stage of industrialization.Finally,the different roles and functions of local government and commercial parties connecting the straw resources reuse industry chain were introduced based on three case studies analysis.Therefore,some specific policy suggestions are proposed for better performance of government and market as well as contributing to the establishment of a longterm integrated reuse mechanism for straw resources,which include scientific public policy making,improvement of the competitiveness of reuse products and develop a green production and consumption environment of the whole society.