主动脉壁内血肿溃疡样改变的研究现状

Research Status of Ulcer-like Changes in Aortic Intramural Hematoma

主动脉壁内血肿(IMH)是一类较为常见的主动脉急症,计算机断层扫描技术(CT)是诊断IMH的一线检查手段。随着CT检查设备的改进和医生诊断水平的提高,越来越多与IMH伴随出现的一类特殊CT征象,即“溃疡样改变”被检出和重视起来,主要包括穿通性溃疡(PAU)、溃疡样凸起(ULP)和壁内血池(IBP),这些征象与IMH的关系密切但又有所差别。了解并鉴别这些征象对于认识IMH的发病机制及评估预后风险具有重要意义。本文就目前与IMH关系密切并且定义明确的3大类溃疡样改变的研究进展进行综述。

Aortic intramural hematoma(IMH)is a kind of common acute aortic syndrome,and computed tomography(CT)is the first-line examination method for diagnosing IMH.With the improvement of CT equipment and doctors’diagnostic level,more and more special CT signs accompanying with IMH,namely“ulcer-like lesions”,have been detected and paid attention to,mainly including penetrating aortic ulcer(PAU),ulcer-like projection(ULP)and intramural blood pool(IBP),these signs are closely related to IMH but differ from each other.It is of great significance to understand and identify these signs for the cognition of pathogenesis of IMH and the evaluation of prognostic risk.This article reviewed the research progress of three types of ulcer-like changes closely related to IMH and clearly defined.