不同木薯品种对二斑叶螨的抗性鉴定与评价

Identification and Evaluation of Different Cassava Variety Resistant to Two-spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae

为了满足中国木薯产业健康持续发展需求,系统开展了抗二斑叶螨木薯品种鉴定与评价。结果显示:80个参试木薯品种中,C1115、缅甸品种、SC5、SC9、SC15、利民、哥伦比亚4D共7个品种对二斑叶螨表现为抗,SC8、SC12、SC8002等27个品种对二斑叶螨表现为中抗,GR10、沙田面包、BRA12等41个品种对二斑叶螨表现为感,SC205、TMS60444、KU50、面包、BRA900共5个品种对二斑叶螨表现为高感。取食抗、感品种后的二斑叶螨发育与繁殖差异显著。与感螨木薯品种相比较,取食抗虫木薯品种后的F0代二斑叶螨发育历期显著延长(16.17~18.00 d),F1代每雌产卵量(6.77~11.13粒)、卵孵化率(34.20%~56.33%)和雌成螨比例(60.67%~66.47%)显著降低。不同品种对二斑叶螨的抗性不同,抗螨木薯品种通过显著延长二斑叶螨的发育历期及显著降低后代每雌产卵量、卵孵化率和雌成螨比例抑制二斑叶螨种群数量发展,从而表现出抗螨、免受二斑叶螨取食为害。本研究为深入解析木薯抗二斑叶螨机理提供了参试材料与理论依据。

To meet the development of cassava industry in China, the identification and evaluation of cassava variety resistant to two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae were conducted. Among 80 varieties, C1115, Myanmar, SC5, SC9, SC15,Liming and Columbia4D were high resistant to T. urticae;there were 27 varieties showed moderately resistant to T. urticae,including SC8, SC12 and SC8002;there were 41 varieties susceptible to T. urticae including GR10, Shatianmianbao and BRA2. In addition, SC205, TMS60444, KU50, Bread and BRA900 were high susceptible to T. urticae. Moreover, there were significant differences in the development duration and fecundity per female of T. urticae feeding on resistant and susceptible varieties. Compared with mite-susceptible cassava varieties, the development duration of F0 of T. urticae was significantly longer(16.17-18.00 d), the number of eggs per female(6.77-11.13), hatching rate(34.20%-56.33%) and female adults(60.67%-66.47%) of F1 of T. urticae decreased significantly while T. urticae fed on resistant varieties. The above results showed that different cassava varieties possessed different resistance to T. urticae. Furthermore, mite-resistant cassava varieties inhibit the feeding of T. urticae by significantly prolonging the development duration and reducing the number of eggs,hatching rate and female adults, which led to significantly reduction of the population and infestation of T. urticae. This study provides reference materials and theoretical basis for further analyzing the mechanism of cassava resistance to T. urticae.