江山仙霞岭省级自然保护区兽类多样性调查

Investigation on Mammals in Jiangshan Xianxialing Provincial Nature Reserve

2018年10月—2019年10月,通过网格化配合红外相机调查、铗夜法和网捕法调查,对浙江省江山市仙霞岭省级自然保护区进行兽类多样性研究。结果表明,保护区共有兽类8目23科63种,其中劳亚食虫目Eulipotyphla 3科5种、翼手目Chiroptera 3科14种、灵长目Primates 1科2种、鳞甲目Pholidota1科1种、兔形目Lagomorpha 1科1种、啮齿目Rodentia 5科17种、食肉目Carnivora 6科18种、偶蹄目Artiodactyla 3科5种;与2016年保护区成立时的记录资料相比较,新增兽类8种,分别是藏酋猴Macaca thibetana、大菊头蝠Rhinolophus luctus、中菊头蝠Rh.affinis、皮氏菊头蝠Rh.pearsoni、中华菊头蝠Rh.sinicus、大棕蝠Eptesicus serotinus、华南水鼠耳蝠Myotis laniger和斑蝠Scotomanes ornatus,而狼Canis lupus、赤狐Vulpes vulpes、豺Cuon alpinus、金猫Pardofelis temminckii、云豹Neofelis nebulosa、金钱豹Panthera pardus 6种兽类在本地区已近30年不曾记录发现,且红外相机第一次在本地区拍摄到黑熊Ursus thibetanus和小灵猫Viverricula indica的影像资料;根据不同兽类的生活习性和生境,保护区内兽类可分为地栖生态类群、树栖生态类群和飞行生态类群3种生态类群;在动物地理区划上,主要表现出以东洋界物种为主,东洋界和古北界物种相混杂和过渡现象的华中区典型特征;有国家重点保护野生动物11种,其中国家一级保护动物3种,国家二级保护动物8种。

From October 2018 to October 2019,investigations were conducted on mammals in Jiangshan Xianxialing Provincial Nature Reserve,Zhejiang province by grid method with infrared camera,rattrap and light trapping.The results showed that there were 63 species of mammals belonging to d 8 orders and 23 familie in the Reserve,including 5 species of 3 families of Eulipotyphla,14 species of 3 families of Chiroptera,2 species of 1 family of Primates,1 species of 1 family of Pholidota,1 species of 1 family of Lagomorpha,17 species of 5 families of Rodentia,18 species of 6 families of Carnivora,5 species of 3 families of Artiodactyla.Compared with data in 2016,8 species of mammals were recorded,namely Macaca thibetana,Rhinolophus luctus,Rh.Affinis,Rh.Pearsoni,Rh.Sinicus,Eptesicus serotinus,Myotis laniger and Scotomanes ornatus.Canis lupus,Vulpes vulpes,Cuon alpinus,Pardofelis temminckii,Neofelis nebulosi,Panthera pardus had not been recorded for nearly 30 years.Ursus thibetanus and Viverricula indica was captured by infrared camera for the first time in the Reserve.According to the living habits and habitats,the animals in the Reserve could be divided into epigaeic animal,dendrocole and flight animal.The geographical division was dominated by Oriental species,typical characteristics of Central China with mixed species and transition from Oriental to Palaearctic.There are 11 species of national key protected wild animals,including 3 species of national first class protected and 8 species of national second class protected.