广东英德市公益林质量评价研究

Quality Evaluation of Public Welfare Forest in Yingde,Guangdong

采用层次分析法对广东英德市公益林进行森林质量评价,根据生产力状况、林分稳定性、土壤条件三个准则层筛选出平均胸径、平均树高、郁闭度等9项指标,建立公益林质量评价指标体系并进行等级划分。结果表明,英德市公益林质量综合质量等级为良,生产力状况较优。公益林整体龄组以幼龄林和中龄林为主,而生态效益较好的近熟林、成熟林和过熟林面积占比较低,各龄组公益林综合森林质量随龄组成熟度的提高而上升。从评价指标权重来看,生产力状况是评价公益林质量的最重要指标;郁闭度、森林群落结构、枯枝落叶厚度是评价生产力状况、林分稳定性、土壤条件对公益林影响的重要因子。在公益林建设和管理中,建议对公益林的森林结构进行优化,对林种、龄组进行战略性调整,在尽量不改变现有植被盖度和郁闭度的前提下,适当间伐、补植、补造,提高林木质量,同时对公益林长期连续性监测,掌握公益林质量状况的动态变化规律,为未来公益林建设提供理论依据。

This study used the analytic hierarchy process to evaluate the forest quality of public welfare forests in Yingde City,Guangdong Province.According to the productivity status,stand stability,and soil conditions,nine indicators such as average diameter at breast height,average tree height,and canopy density were selected,and a public welfare forest quality evaluation index system was established and graded.The results showed that the comprehensive quality grade of the public welfare forest in Yingde was good,and the productivity was excellent.The overall age group of public welfare forests were dominated by young and middle aged forests,and the area of near mature and over mature forests with good ecological benefits were relatively low.The comprehensive forest quality evaluation of public welfare forests in all age groups increased with the increasing of age composition maturity.From the weight of evaluation indicators,the productivity status was the most important indicator to evaluate the impact of public welfare forests.The canopy density,forest community structure and litter thickness were important indicators to evaluate the impact of productivity,stand stability and soil conditions on public welfare forests.It was suggested that in the future construction and management of public welfare forests,the forest structure of public welfare forests should be optimized,and the forest types and age groups should be strategically adjusted.Under the condition of not changing the existing vegetation coverage and canopy density as far as possible,appropriate thinning,replanting,and replanting should be carried out to improve the quality of forests.Long term continuous monitoring of public welfare forests should be carried out to master the dynamic change law of the quality of public welfare forests.