基于PCA的冰上运动体育建筑可持续运维潜力评价指标体系研究

Research on Evaluation Index System of Sustainable Operation and Maintenance Potential of Ice Sports Building Based on PCA

随着国家冰雪运动战略发展和建筑可持续运维理念的推广,冰上运动体育建筑正逐渐成为当前体育建筑发展的新着眼点。冰上运动体育建筑的运维,面临使用场景的变化性、设备技术的复杂性、智能化技术的冲击性、空间尺度的特殊性等众多特殊问题,实际工程的需求与理论研究上的匮乏形成巨大矛盾。如何判断众多要素对其可持续运维潜力的影响权重,以最小的代价提高其可持续运维潜力也成为业界的焦点。本文提出了可持续运维指标体系的要素及维度,并设计专家调查问卷,借助主成分分析法(PCA)对初始指标集进行分类和修正,确定各指标权重,从而构建了冰上运动体育建筑可持续运维潜力评价体系。所得到的评价体系包括12个一级指标和50个二级指标。期望研究成果可为促进冰上运动体育建筑可持续运维发展提供参考。

With the development of the national ice and snow sports strategy and the promotion of the concept of sustainable building operation and maintenance,ice sports architecture is gradually becoming a new focus of the current development of sports architecture.The operation and maintenance of ice sports buildings is faced with many special problems,such as the change of use scenarios,the complexity of equipment technology,the impact of intelligent technology,and the particularity of spatial scale.The demand of actual engineering forms a huge contradiction with the lack of theoretical research.How to judge the impact weight of many factors on its sustainable operation and maintenance potential,and improve its sustainable operation and maintenance potential at the minimum cost has also become the focus of the industry.This paper proposes the elements and dimensions of the sustainable operation and maintenance index system,and designs expert questionnaires to classify and correct the initial index set with the principal component analysis method(PCA),and determine the weights of each index,so as to build the evaluation system of sustainable operation and maintenance potential of ice sports buildings.The resulting evaluation system includes 12 primary indicators and 50 secondary indicators.The expected research results can provide a reference for promoting the sustainable operation and maintenance development of ice sports buildings.The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics as an opportunity put forward the“three hundred million ice and snow”development goal,promoted the development of ice and snow sports and its surrounding industries with the development of ice,improved the quantity and quality of ice sports facilities ice sports building due to the particularity of sports events,the diversification of scenarios and construction location,promoted the comprehensive construction of sports in our country,and the rapid development of ice sports played an irreplaceable role.The difficulty in the sustainable operation and maintenance of ice sports buildings lies in the seasonal restrictions of ice and snow sports.The best operating time is only three to four months in winter.Therefore,fully considering the operating conditions and demands of the venues and realizing the“multiple use of one venue”in different seasons is the general idea of post-match operations.The ice sports industry can be used as a catalyst to integrate multiple disciplines and industries,and form a linkage effect in operation and maintenance.Therefore,the post-match sustainable operation and maintenance of the stadium is arranged in advance,and the corresponding sustainable technology and facilities are adopted at the design level.The operation method solves the contradictions used during and after the game,and provides guidance for the sustainable operation and maintenance of ice sports buildings.The sustainability of sports building has been attracting much attention,and a series of space design action guidelines to promote building sustainable development have been released internationally.At this stage,there are many global evaluation systems for the sustainable use of buildings,but most evaluation systems do not deeply distinguish between building types,most of which are aimed at residential and office buildings.the ice sports hall belongs to a special type of public building with a large-span space.Due to its own particularity,the evaluation indicators and evaluation standards of the current evaluation system are not fully applicable.Ice sports building has the characteristics of complex space,diverse functions,huge energy consumption and concentrated flow of people,which has special requirements for the sustainable operation and maintenance of buildings.Ice sports buildings are faced by large-scale,high investment,high energy consumption and operation and maintenance difficulties.Therefore,the research on their sustainable operation and maintenance evaluation system is worth in-depth exploration,and should be analyzed through design means,architectural technology,intelligent management and other aspects.At present,China’s research on the building ontology does not strictly distinguish the difference between green buildings and sustainable operation and maintenance buildings,but the lack of guidance of necessary systems for special public building types,resulting in the ice sports buildings facing passive operation and maintenance in the process of use.Based on the special research object of ice sports venues,this paper is committed to establishing the evaluation index system of sustainable potential of operation and maintenance of ice sports buildings.The quantitative analysis is PCA to obtain the contribution and weight set of sustainable operation and maintenance potential index factors to improve the sustainable operation and maintenance potential of sports buildings on ice.