信江梅港水文站水位流量变化特征研究

Research on variation characteristics of water level and flow in Meigang Hydrometric Station of Xinjiang River

近年来,人类活动对河流地貌的影响日益显著,流域植被覆盖改变、兴修水利工程、城市化、河道采砂等使河流水文要素特性不断发生变化。以江西信江梅港水文站为研究对象,对该站水位、流量、断面等水文资料进行统计分析,通过研究断面变化、水位流量关系得出水位流量关系变化规律。结果表明:由于河道采砂、水利工程建设等人类活动造成河流来沙减少,2012年该河段河床总体呈下切趋势;近年来梅港水文站水位流量关系产生趋势性变化,即从2002年开始,相同水位下流量逐年以增大为主。分析结果有助于改进水文测验手段,提升水文资料成果质量,为信江流域水利工程规划设计、水资源管理、防汛减灾等提供数据支撑。

In recent years,the impact of human activities on river geomorphology has became increasingly significant.Changes in watershed vegetation,construction of water conservancy projects,urbanisation and sand mining in rivers had led to constant changes in the characteristics of the hydrological elements of rivers.Taking the Meigang Hydrometric Station of Xinjiang River as the object of study,the hydrological data of the station,such as water level,flow and cross-section were statistically analyzed,and the changes in cross-section and the relationship between water level and flow were studied to derive the laws of change in the relationship between water level and flow.The results showed that the river bed at this cross-section was generally eroded in 2012 due to a reduction in incoming sand caused by human activities such as sand mining in the river and the construction of the hydro complex.In recent years,the water level and flow relationship at Meigang Hydrometric Station showed a trend,i.e.the flow under the same water level mainly increased year by year since 2002.The analysis results can improve hydrological testing method and the quality of hydrological data results,and provide scientific data support for Xinjiang basin water conservancy project planning and design,water resources management,flood prevention and mitigation,etc.