我国教育评价发展历史的特点及未来启示

Main Characteristics and Future Enlightenment of Historical Development of Educational Evaluation in China

我国教育评价的发展历史按其特点以1905年科举选士制度的废除为界,分为古代和现代教育评价两个部分;其发展的主要特点表现在:教育评价原则从世卿走向公平,教育评价目的从选才走向发展,教育评价方法从臆断走向科学,教育评价主体从一元走向多元。以史为鉴,在我国教育评价的未来改革中,必须坚守公平性的评价原则,倡导发展性的评价目的,追求科学化的评价方法,坚持多元化的评价主体。

According to its characteristics, the historical development track of educational evaluation in China is divided into two parts by the abolition of the imperial examination system in 1905: the development of ancient and modern educational evaluation. The main characteristics of its development are as follows: the principle of educational evaluation has changed from hereditary system to fairness, the purpose of educational evaluation has changed from talent selection to development, the method of educational evaluation has changed from conjecture to science, and the subject of educational evaluation has changed from monism to pluralism. Taking history as a mirror, it is necessary to adhere to the evaluation principle of fairness, advocate the purposes of developmental evaluation, pursue scientific evaluation methods, and adhere to diversified evaluation subjects in the future reform of educational evaluation in China.