论庄子“心隐”对儒家隐逸思想的继承与超越

On Zhuangzi’s Inheritance and Transcendence of Confucian Hermit with Mental Seclusion

庄子的“心隐”主张,诚然受到老子“无为”观念的影响,但二者在具体内容与关注对象方面却存在巨大差异。庄子的“心隐”主张与儒家尤其是孔子“无道则隐”思想及“颜氏之儒”的出世观念有着千丝万缕的内在联系,体现出跨越时代的传承。但特殊的政治文化环境与个性气质,又使得庄子表现出对儒家隐逸思想的发展和超越,他最终放弃儒家积极的隐逸方式,而走向道家的虚无之道,为追求心灵自由而彻底不问世事,真正实现自我主体的救赎。

Zhuang Zi’s mental seclusion is influenced by Lao Zi’s idea of inaction, but there are huge differences between the two in content and object. Zhuang Zi’s mental seclusion is inextricably linked with Confucianism, particularly Confucian thought of Taoless seclusion and Yan’s Confucianism of being aloof from world. It reflects the inheritance across the ages. However, the special political and cultural context and personality temperament made Zhuang Zi develop and transcend the Confucian hermit thoughts. He finally gave up the the Confucian active hermit and moved towards the Taoist way of nothingness in order to pursue the freedom of mind.Zhuang Zi ignored the affairs of the world completely and truly realize the redemption of the self.