基于主成分分析法的大丰近岸海域水质污染源研究

Analysis of water quality pollution sources in Dafeng near-shore sea based on principal component analysis

依据大丰海域20个采样站位12种水质要素含量(盐度、COD、DO、活性磷酸盐、无机氮、石油类、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg和As),采用单因子指数法评价水质污染水平,应用聚类分析法识别水质污染分区,通过主成分分析法解析水质污染来源。结果表明:大丰海域水质环境总体良好,无机氮和磷酸盐是主要超标因子;空间聚类分析显示,大丰海域水质污染分布整体表现为南低北高、由岸向海逐渐升高的特征;主成分分析结果显示,研究区水质污染来源包括陆源污染的输入(营养盐、Cd、As)、海水养殖污染(营养盐、Cu)、港口污染(石油类、Zn、Pb、Hg)。

According to 12 kinds of water quality elements(salt,COD,DO,PO_(4)^(3)--P,inorganic nitrogen,Oil,Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Hg,As)in 20 sampling stations in Dafeng sea area.The single factor index method was used to evaluate the water pollution level,the clustering method was used to identify the pollution area,and the source of pollution was analyzed by principal component analysis.The results show:the water quality environment in Dafeng Sea is generally good,and inorganic nitrogen and phosphate are the main over-standard factors.;The spatial cluster analysis shows that the distribution of water quality pollution in Dafeng sea area is low in the south and high in the north,and a gradual increase from the shore to the sea;Principal component analysis results display,sources of pollution include the input of terrestrial pollution(nutrient salts,Cd,As),the marine aquaculture pollution(nutrient salts,Cu),port pollution(Oil,Zn,Pb,Hg).