2012-2020年重庆市70岁及以下人群慢性呼吸系统疾病死亡率及变化趋势

Trend analysis of the mortality of chronic respiratory disease among residents(≤70 years old)in Chongqing from 2012 to 2020

目的分析2012—2020年重庆市70岁及以下人群慢性呼吸系统疾病死亡率及变化趋势,为完善慢性呼吸系统疾病防治措施提供依据。方法2012—2020年重庆市70岁及以下人群慢性呼吸系统疾病死亡个案资料来源于重庆市全人群死因监测系统。采用SPSS 25.0软件统计分析死亡率、标化死亡率、年龄别死亡率和死因构成比,不同性别与地区死亡率的比较采用χ~2检验,率的变化趋势采用年度变化百分比(APC)。结果重庆市70岁及以下居民慢性呼吸系统疾病死亡率与标化死亡率分别由2012年的27.51/10万、17.24/10万下降到2020年的17.99/10万、9.30/10万,APC分别为-3.82%与-2.27%,变化趋势有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。2012—2020年男性历年死亡率均高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2012—2020年重庆市70岁及以下男性慢性呼吸系统疾病死亡率以年均2.27%的速度下降(P<0.05)。2012—2020年重庆市70岁及以下女性慢性呼吸系统疾病死亡率与标化死亡率分别以年均7.32%与8.52%的速度下降(P<0.05)。2012—2020年农村地区历年慢性呼吸系统疾病死亡率均高于城市,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2012—2020年重庆市农村地区慢性呼吸系统疾病死亡率与标化死亡率分别以年均3.92%与4.88%的速度下降,均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。2012—2020年重庆市30~44、45~59与60~70岁年龄组慢性呼吸系统疾病死亡率分别以年均10.42%、5.92%和4.97%的速度下降(P<0.05)。2012—2020年重庆市死因构成前4位的慢性呼吸系统疾病分别为慢性支气管炎、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺气肿和尘肺病,慢性支气管炎死亡构成比由2012年的67.18%下降至2020年的18.96%,而慢性阻塞性肺疾病死亡构成比由2012年的9.20%上升至2020年的56.23%,尘肺病死亡构成比由2012年的4.12%上升至2020年的6.31%。结论2012—2020年重庆市70岁及以下慢性呼吸系统疾病死亡率高,呈下降趋势,男性、农村居民是慢性呼吸系统疾病防治的重点人群。

Objective To analyze the trend of the mortality of chronic respiratory disease(CRD)among residents(≤70 years old)in Chongqing from 2012 to 2020,and provide the basis for CRD prevention and control.Methods The death data of residents(≤70 years old)with CRD were from Chongqing death surveillance system from 2012 to 2020.SPSS 25.0 software was used to calculate the mortality,age standardization mortality(ASMR),age specific mortality and death cause proportion.Theχ~2test was used to compare the mortality difference between male and female,urban and rural areas.The trend of the CRD mortality was analyzed by annual percent change(APC).Results The mortality and ASMR of CRD among residents(≤70 years old)in Chongqing decreased from 27.51/105and 17.24/105in 2012 to 17.99/105and 9.30/105in 2020,values of APC were-3.82%and-2.27%(P<0.05).The mortality of CRD among male residents was higher than that among female residents from 2012 to 2020(P<0.01).The CRD mortality among male residents(≤70 years old)decreased annually by 2.27%from 2012 to 2020(P<0.05),the CRD mortality and ASMR among female residents(≤70 years old)in Chongqing decreased annually by 7.32%and 8.52%from 2012 to2020(P<0.05).The CRD mortality in rural area was significantly higher than that in urban area from2012 to 2020(P<0.05).The CRD mortality and ASMR among rural residents(≤70 years old)in Chongqing decreased annually by 3.92%and 4.88%from2012 to 2020(P<0.05).The CRD mortality of residents aged between 30 and 44 years old,45 and 59 years old,60 and 70 years old in Chongqing decreased annually by 10.42%,5.92%and 4.97%from 2012 to 2020(P<0.05).The top four CRDs were chronic bronchitis,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),pneumonectasis,and pneumoconiosis.The death proportion of chronic bronchitis for CRD decreased from 67.18%in 2012 to 18.96%in 2020.However,the death proportion of COPD for CRD increased from 9.20%in 2012 to 56.22%in 2020.The death proportion of pneumoconiosis for CRD increased from 4.12%in 2012 to 6.31%in 2020.Conclusion The CRD mortality among residents(≤70 years old)is higher.Moreover,the CRD mortality shows the decreased trend.The male and rural residents are the crucial population of CRD prevention and control.