从石桥雕饰看佛教文化对古桥建筑的影响--以浙江湖州之遗存石桥为例

The Influence of Buddhist Culture on Ancient Bridge Architecture from the Perspective of Stone Bridge Carving--Taking the Remains of Stone Bridge in Huzhou,Zhejiang Province as an Example

湖州境内留存着为数不少的石制古桥。这些古桥的建筑年代跨越南宋至民国,桥墩、栏板、拱券、抱鼓石等构件上装饰的植物或动物图案以莲花造型居多,大多具有佛教色彩。其中一种上端为荷叶、中间为柱形字堂、下部为莲花的图案最为常见。这些图案上面一般都刻有建桥纪年、捐资助桥等文字。这类装饰与一些佛教供养具上的图案相似,具有宣扬佛教教义和彰显造桥功德的作用。

There are many ancient stone bridges in Huzhou,spanning the period from the Song Dynasty to the Republic of China.Most of the plant or animal patterns on the piers,balustrades,arches,drum stones and other components of these ancient bridges are lotus shaped,and most of them have Buddhist colors.Among them,the most common pattern is lotus leaf at the top,columnar hall in the middle and lotus flower at the bottom.These patterns are usually engraved with the bridge building year,donation and other characters.This kind of decoration is similar to the patterns on some Buddhist offerings,and plays a role in promoting Buddhist doctrines and manifesting bridge building virtues.