基于数据挖掘探讨古籍中支气管扩张症的治疗规律

Exploration of treatment rules of bronchiectasis in ancient books based on data mining

目的通过数据挖掘技术,分析《中华医典》古籍中支气管扩张症的治疗规律。方法通过调查问卷,咨询专家意见,确定与支气管扩张症相关的古代病名,电子系统检索《中华医典》,找出与支气管扩张症相关的条文记载。利用Access 2010对相关条文中的中药使用频次及功效分类、针灸选穴规律和归经及食疗方中食疗药物选择规律进行描述性分析,利用Stata软件对使用频次前60的中药进行聚类分析。结果中医古籍支气管扩张症相关条文中,使用频次较高的中药有甘草、苦杏仁、人参、茯苓、贝母、生姜、半夏、五味子等。频次≥5的中药中,功效以补益药、止咳化痰平喘药、解表药、清热药、利水渗湿药为主,辅以收涩药、理气药、温里药、活血化瘀药、止血药、平肝熄风药,其中补益药以具有补气养阴作用者为主,尤其注重健脾益气。聚类分析得到17个聚类群。针灸选穴频次较高的有肺俞、列缺、足三里、膻中、风门、肝俞,以足太阳膀胱经、手太阴肺经、足阳明胃经、任脉、足少阴肾经、足厥阴肝经穴位最多。支气管扩张症患者的食疗药物以姜、蜜、枣、杏仁、糖、酒等性温补或平补者为主。结论本研究通过数据挖掘技术总结了中医治疗支气管扩张症的用药、外治和食疗规律,为今后临床和科研提供参考。

Objective To analyze the treatment rules of bronchiectasis in ancient books of Chinese Medical Classics by data mining technology.Methods The ancient name of the bronchiectasis was determined through questionnaire and advice of the expert consultation,then the Chinese Medical Classics was retrieved electronically to find out the records that were relevant to bronchiectasis.The Access 2010 was used to make descriptive analysis on the frequency of use and functional classification of traditional Chinese medicine,the law of acupuncture point selection and channel tropism,and the selection law of therapeutic drugs in dietotherapy prescriptions.The Stata software was used to make cluster analysis on the top 60traditional Chinese medicines.Results Among the articles related to bronchiectasis in ancient books of Chinese medicine,the most frequently used Chinese medicines were Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma,Armeniacae Semen Amarum,Ginseng Radix Et Rhizoma,Poria,Cirrhosae Bulbus,Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens,Pinelliae Rhizoma,Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus,etc.Among the traditional Chinese medicines with frequency more than or equal to five times,the main functions were supplementing drugs,relieving cough,dissipating phlegm,and antiasthma drugs,relieving superficies drugs,clearing heat drugs,diuresis and diffusing dampness drugs,supplemented by astringent drugs,regulating qi drugs,warming interior drugs,promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis drugs,hemostasis drugs,calming the liver to stop the wind drugs,among which supplementing drugs were mainly those with the effect of replenishing qi and nourishing yin,especially focusing on invigorating spleen and invigorating qi.A total of 17 cluster groups were obtained by cluster analysis.The most frequent acupuncture points were fèishù,lièquē,zúsānlǐ,dànzhōng,fēngmén,and gānshù.The most frequent acupuncture points were foot sun bladder channel,hand taiyin lung channel,foot yangming stomach channel,conception channel,foot shaoyin kidney channel,and foot jueyin liver channel.The main therapeutic drugs for patients with bronchiectasis were ginger,honey,chinese date,bitter apricot seed,sugar,wine,and other properties of warm or flat supplements.Conclusion This study summarizes the rules of medication,external treatment,and diet therapy in traditional Chinese medicines treatment of bronchiectasis through data mining technology,and provides reference for future clinical and scientific research.