职业教育规模与区域经济发展耦合协调关系与特征——基于2014—2020年31个省份面板数据的分析

The Coupling and Coordination Relationship and Characteristics of Vocational Education Scale and Regional Economic Development——Analysis Based on Panel Data of 31 Provinces from 2014 to 2020

探讨职业教育规模与区域经济发展的耦合协调关系,对助力经济稳进提质、推动职业教育高质量发展、构建职业教育规模与区域经济协调发展的良好生态具有重要意义。以2014—2020年全国31个省份职业教育规模与经济发展水平为研究对象,运用组合赋权法、耦合协调关系模型、自然断裂法等,构建职业教育规模与区域经济发展的评价指标体系,深入剖析了全国31个省份职业教育规模与区域经济发展耦合协调的时空特征,并解析中高等职业教育规模与区域经济发展耦合协调的差异化特征。2014—2020年我国职业教育规模与区域经济发展耦合度和协调度均持续稳定增长,但耦合协调程度一直处于中低等级,且空间布局总体呈现由西向东、由内陆向沿海递增的趋势;中等职业教育规模从时间上看呈平缓上升趋势,且耦合水平明显高于高等职业教育,但空间分布离散程度大于高等职业教育。基于此,持续推进职业教育高质量发展要因时制宜、因地制宜、因才制宜,通过加强各省份职业教育与经济的互动,各区域要明确问题,精准施策,增强职业教育适应性。

It is important to explore the coupling and coordination relationship between the vocational education scale and regional economic development to help the economy stabilize and improve quality,promote the high-quality development of vocational education,and build a good ecology for the coordinated development of vocational education scale and regional economy.This paper takes the vocational education scale and economic development level of 31 provinces in China from 2014 to 2020 as the research object,uses the combination of the empowerment method,coupling and coordination relationship model and natural break method to construct an evaluation index system of vocational education scale and regional economic development,and analyzes the spatial and temporal characteristics of the coupling and coordination between the vocational education scale and regional economic development of 31 provinces in China.From 2014 to 2020,the coupling and coordination degrees of vocational education scale and regional economic development have been growing steadily,but the degree of coupling and coordination has been at the middle to the low level,and the overall spatial layout generally shows a trend of increasing from west to east and inland to coast.The scale of secondary vocational education has been increasing from west to east and from inland to coast.The scale of secondary vocational education has been rising slowly,and the coupling level is significantly higher than that of higher vocational education,but the spatial distribution is more discrete than that of higher vocational education.Based on this,the continuous promotion of high-quality development of vocational education should be tailored to the time,place and talent,and by strengthening the interaction between vocational education and the economy in each province,each region should clarify the problems and implement precise measures to enhance the adaptability of vocational education.