《汉书》《文选》相同作品注列古今字比较

A Comparative Study of “Ancient” and “Modern” Characters in the Works Both Included in Han Shu Annotated by Yan Shigu and Wen Xuan Annotated by Li Shan

《汉书》颜师古注和《文选》李善注相同作品注列古今字差异主要表现在四个方面:古字(即正文用字)不同,但今字相同,如《汉书》注“鼌,古朝字”《文选》注作“晁,古朝字”;古字(正文用字)相同,但今字不同,如《汉书》注引如淳曰“甿,古文萌字”《文选》注引作“甿,古氓字”;《汉书》《文选》正文用字相同,颜师古、李善注释用字也相同,但颜注用术语“古”,李注用术语“今”,如《汉书》注“廑,古勤字”《文选》注作“廑,今勤字”;《汉书》正文用古字,颜师古注以今字释古字,用“即”沟通字际关系,《文选》正文用今字,李善注误用“古”沟通字际关系,如《汉书》注“歫即距字”《文选》注作“距,古岠字”。

Annotations of the works both included in Han Shu annotated by Yan Shigu and in Wen Xuan annotated by Li Shan display differences in explaining“ancient”and“modern”characters in four aspects:first,some ancient characters(used in the text part)are different,but their modern counterparts are the same,such as“鼌”(its ancient counterpart being朝)in Han Shu and“晁”(its ancient counterpart also being朝)in Wen Xuan;second,some ancient characters are the same,but their modern counterparts are different,such as“甿”in Han Shu,its ancient counterpart being“萌”,while its ancient counterpart in Wen Xuan is“氓”;third,some characters used in the main text of Han Shu and and their counterparts in Wen Xuan are the same,and Yan Shigu and Li Shan also used the same characters in their commentaries,but Yan shigu indicated they were“ancient”in Han Shu while Li Shan indicated they were modern,like“廑”;fourth,for some characters in Han Shu,Yan shigu annotated them using modern characters,while Li Shan annotated some modern characters using ancient characters.