对外汉语教材中的性别刻板印象研究——以《HSK标准教程》为例

A Study of Gender Stereotypes in Chinese Language Teaching Materials for Foreigners—Taking HSK Standard Course as an Example

对外汉语教材作为实现汉语课程的重要工具,承担着传递中国社会主流文化和主流价值观的重任。目前的对外汉语教材常通过是设置虚拟人物的日常对话,或讲述真实人物故事两种方式展开课文内容。这些人物具有不同的社会职业或家庭角色,并通过各自的言语行为表现出不同的性格特征。该文通过数据分析和文本分析的方式,统计、分类和分析《HSK标准教程》中的人物性别角色,发现教材在人物塑造和选取方面存在较大的性别差异和性别刻板印象的问题,性别刻板印象可能给国际汉语教育事业带来负面的影响。由此,对未来对外汉语教材的编写原则提出了建设性意见。

As an important tool for realizing the Chinese language curriculum,Chinese language teaching materials for foreigners bear the important responsibility of transmitting the mainstream culture and values of society.Current Chinese-as-a-second-language textbooks often develop the content of texts by either setting up daily conversations with virtual characters or telling stories about real people.These characters have different social occupations or family roles,and show different personality traits through their speech and behavior.By means of data analysis and textual analysis,this paper counts,classifies and analyses the gender roles of characters in HSK Standard Course,and finds that there are gender differences and gender stereotypes in the characterization and selection of the textbooks.The article points out the negative impact that gender stereotypes may have on the cause of international Chinese language education and offers constructive suggestions for the future development of Chinese-as-a-second-language textbooks.