新造中华资格之巾帼——晚清“女中华”的话语构建与女性想象

The Discourse of“Female China”in the Late Qing Dynasty and Its Female Imagination

在晚清,对于女性的热情关注与想望是值得关注的社会文化现象,其中知识界提出的“女中华”命题尤具典型意义。此说首见于上海《选报》的一则报道,后经金天翮在《女界钟》一书的引述,以及《女子世界》杂志举办的主题征文活动而获得关注。因为话语形式本身的开放性,所以在启蒙者言说与文学书写中存在着微妙差异,由此形成独具意义的张力空间。聚焦于“女中华”这一独特的社会性别符号,梳理它从产生到传播的具体过程,讨论晚清知识界如何借此参与女性的想象与再构,并力图揭示其与民族国家建构之间的深刻关联。

In the late Qing Dynasty,the passionate concern and desire for women constituted a striking social and cultural trend of thought,among which the proposition of“female Chinese”put forward by the intellectual circle was of typical significance.The claim was first published in a report in Shanghai’s Selected Newspaper,and gained attention after he was quoted in a book called Women’s World Bell by Kim Tianhe and a themed essay contest held by Women’s World magazine.Because of the openness of the discourse form itself,there are subtle differences between the expositor’s speech and literary imagination,thus forming a unique tension space.This paper focuses on the unique social gender symbol of“female China”,combs the specific process from its emergence to its dissemination,discusses how the intellectuals of the late Qing Dynasty participated in the imagination and reconstruction of women,and reveals its profound relationship with the construction of the nation state.