不同肥料运筹对春青稞产量及农艺性状的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Strategies on the Yield and Agronomic Characters of Spring Hulless Barley

为筛选出适合云南省迪庆高原坝区春青稞的最佳施肥方法,以春性青稞品种迪青7号为供试品种,研究10种不同肥料运筹方式对青稞产量及农艺性状的影响。结果表明:不同肥料运筹方式对产量影响较大,产量变幅为2230.05~3680.25 kg/hm^(2),以第9种肥料运筹方式下迪青7号的产量最高,达3680.25 kg/hm^(2),比对照(CK)增产1450.20 kg/hm^(2),增幅为65.03%。方差分析表明,不同肥料运筹方式间迪青7号产量差异具高度统计学意义(P<0.01),但第9种与第10种肥料运筹方式间迪青7号产量差异无统计学意义。综合经济效益、投入产出比及田间性状表现,以第10种肥料运筹方式更佳,即施用尿素300 kg/hm^(2)、普通过磷酸钙450 kg/hm^(2)、硫酸钾60 kg/hm^(2),其中:尿素50%(150 kg/hm^(2))作基肥施用,50%(150 kg/hm^(2))分蘖期追肥施用;硫酸钾50%(30 kg/hm^(2))作基肥施用,50%(30 kg/hm^(2))拔节孕穗期叶面喷施;普通过磷酸钙作基肥一次性施用。

In order to select the optimal fertilization strategy for hulless barley planted in Diqing Plateau Dam Area of Yunnan Province,we determined the effects of ten different fertilization strategies on the yield and agronomic characters of spring hulless barley,using the main variety Diqing No.7 as the test variety.The results showed that fertilization mode had a great impact on yield.With different fertilization modes,the ten treatments attained the yields in the range of 2230.05~3680.25 kg/hm^(2),with treatment 9 having the highest yield of 3680.25 kg/hm^(2),which was 1450.20 kg/hm^(2)higher than the control without fertilization,an increase by 65.03%.The analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in yield among different treatments(P<0.01),while multiple comparisons indicated that there was no significant difference in yield between treatment 9 and treatment 10.Of all the treatments,treatment 10 had the best performance in terms of economic benefit,the ratio of output to input,and field characters.The fertilization strategy in treatment 10 consisted of 300 kg/hm^(2)of urea,with 50%(150 kg/hm^(2))applied as basal fertilizer and the other 50%applied as topdressing fertilizer at tillering stage;450 kg/hm^(2)of ordinary superphosphate applied as basal fertilizer once;and 60 kg/hm^(2)of potassium sulfate,with 50%(30 kg/hm^(2))applied as basal fertilizer and the other 50%spray-applied to leaves at jointing and booting stage.