页岩气勘探开发水资源风险研究

Water Resources Risk of Shale Gas Exploration and Development

页岩气作为清洁高效能源为能源转型提供了新思路。水平井钻井和水力压裂技术的应用使得页岩气资源得以规模化有效开采,但也增强了对水资源的依赖性。作为中国页岩气主要产区的四川,其水资源总量虽然大,但时空分布不均,且有着巨大的用水缺口。页岩气的开采无疑加剧了该地区的水资源供需矛盾。针对这一问题,从企业层面,应利用技术创新,从源头控制,利用技术进步弥补能源发展和水资源健康的短板;加强全过程监管,在开采前、开采中、开采后全方位设置监测点,定期监测开采区域水质和水体。从政府层面,应鼓励科技创新,完善相关法律法规和行业监管体系,利用多种手段优化资源配置,科学系统地规划区域页岩气发展战略。

As a clean and efficient energy source, shale gas provides a new idea for the energy transformation. The application of horizontal well drilling and hydraulic fracturing technology allows shale gas resources to be effectively extracted on a large scale,but it also deepens the dependence on water resources. As a major shale gas producing area in China, Sichuan has large total water resources, but is of uneven distribution and a huge water gap. Shale gas exploitation has undoubtedly exacerbated the contradiction between water supply and demand in the region. In view of this problem, from the enterprise level, use technological innovation to control from the source, and use technological progress to make up for the shortcomings of energy development and water resources health;strengthen the whole process supervision, set up comprehensive monitoring points before, during and after mining, and regularly monitor the water quality and water body in the mining area. At the government level, it should encourage scientific and technological innovation, improve relevant laws and regulations and industry regulatory systems, use a variety of means to optimize the allocation of resources, and plan a regional shale gas development strategy scientifically and systematically.