吸烟对牙周治疗效果及治疗后龈下菌群的影响

Effect of smoking on periodontal therapy and subgingival flora after treatment

目的通过微生物学实验分析吸烟对于牙周炎治疗术后龈下菌群的影响。方法选择2019至2021年南京江北医院口腔科完成牙周治疗的59例牙周炎患者,分为吸烟组30例和非吸烟组29例。收集患者治疗前后牙周袋临床样本,进行伴放线杆菌(Aa)、牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Pg)、中间普氏杆菌(Pi)、福赛斯拟杆菌(Bf)、具核梭形杆菌(Fn)和微小消化链球菌(Pm)的检测。结果治疗后,吸烟组出血指数、牙周附着优于治疗前,非吸烟组菌斑面积指数、出血指数、牙周袋深度、牙周附着优于治疗前,且非吸烟组菌斑面积指数、牙周袋深度、牙周附着优于吸烟组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,吸烟组Pg和Pi阳性检出率低于治疗前,非吸烟组Aa、Pg、Pi、Bf、Fn和Pm阳性检出率低于治疗前,且非吸烟组Pg、Bf、Fn和Pm阳性检出率低于吸烟组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与吸烟者相比,不吸烟者经过牙周治疗后牙周附着恢复更好,牙周细菌检出率更低。

Objective To investigate the influence of smoking on subgingival flora after periodontitis treatment through microbiological experiments.Methods Fifty-nine patients with periodontitis who completed periodontal treatment in the Department of Stomatology of Nanjing Jiangbei Hospital from 2019 to 2021 were selected and divided into smoking group(30 patients)and non-smoking group(29 patients).The clinical samples of patients’periodontal pockets before and after treatment were collected for detection of Actinobacillus(Aa),Porphyromonas gingivalis(Pg),Plasmobacterium intermedius(PI),Bacteroides forsythiae(Bf),Fusobacterium nucleatum(Fn)and Streptococcus minimus(Pm).Results After treatment,the bleeding index and periodontal attachment of the smoking group were better than those before treatment,while the plaque area index,bleeding index,periodontal pocket depth and periodontal attachment of the non-smoking group were better than those before treatment,and the plaque area index,periodontal pocket depth and periodontal attachment of the non-smoking group were better than those of the smoking group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).After treatment,the positive rate of Pg and Pi in the smoking group was lower than that before treatment,the positive rate of Aa,Pg,Pi,Bf,Fn and Pm in the non-smoking group was lower than that before treatment,and the positive rate of Pg,Bf,Fn and Pm in the non-smoking group was lower than that in the smoking group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with smokers,non-smokers have better periodontal attachment recovery and lower detection rate of periodontal bacteria after periodontal treatment.