锚的意义对司法决策中锚定效应的影响

The Influence of Anchor Meanings on the Anchoring Effect Under Judicial Decision-Making

采用锚定效应的语意启动范式,探究精神损害抚慰金额的司法决策下锚的意义对锚定效应的影响,研究要求被试作为模拟法官对一项案件的精神赔偿抚慰金额给出判决,并采用2(锚的大小:高锚、低锚)×2(锚的意义:有意义锚、无意义锚)的两因素被试间设计,结果发现:①高锚条件下精神损害赔偿金额显著高于低锚条件;②在有意义条件下的锚定估计差距值显著低于无意义条件;③有意义的高锚比无意义的高锚的锚定估计差距值显著降低,但有意义的低锚与无意义的低锚的锚定估计差距值差异不具有统计学意义.结果表明在精神损害抚慰金额的决策中出现了锚定效应,并且锚的意义对锚定效应起到增强作用,即有意义条件使高锚和低锚下决策金额更接近锚点.

The semantic priming paradigm was adopted to explore the influence of anchoring meaning on the anchoring effect under judicial decision-making on the amount of mental damage compensation.The subjects were asked to act as mock judges to make a judgment on the amount of mental damage compensation in a case.A two-factor between-subjects design of 2(anchor size:low anchor,high anchor)×2(anchor meaning:meaningful anchor,meaningless anchor)was adopted.The results showed that:①The amount of compensation for mental damage under the condition of high anchor was significantly higher than that under the condition of low anchor;②The difference value of anchor estimation under meaningful conditions was significantly lower than that under meaningless conditions;③The meaningful high anchor was significantly lower than the meaningless high anchor,but the meaningful low anchor was not significantly different from the meaningless low anchor.The results revealed that the anchoring effect appears in the decision of the amount of comfort for mental damage,and the meaning of anchor plays a role in enhancing the anchoring effect,that is,meaningful conditions make the amount of decision under high anchor and low anchor closer to the anchor point.