企鹅珍珠贝微卫星标记与生长性状的相关性研究

CORRELATION BETWEEN FIVE MICROSATELLITE MARKERS AND FOUR GROWTH TRAITS IN PTERIA PENGUIN

研究利用5个高度多态性的微卫星标记,对500个企鹅珍珠贝(Pteria penguin)的4个生长性状进行了关联分析。结果显示, QEB-D15和CL-232两个微卫星标记与企鹅珍珠贝的壳宽呈极显著相关(P<0.01);位点QEBD15基因型是239/263的个体壳宽为最大值,基因型是239/273的个体壳宽为最小值,推测263 bp等位基因与壳宽之间存在正相关关系,而273 bp等位基因与壳宽之间存在负相关关系;位点CL-232基因型为157/174的个体壳长、壳宽、总重的均值较同一位点的其他基因型均为最大值,该基因型推测为优势基因型;而基因型为177/192的个体壳长、壳宽、壳高和总重的均值较同一位点的其他基因型均为最小值,推测该基因型为劣势基因型,上述结果可为企鹅珍珠贝分子标记辅助选择育种提供理论依据和参考。

The winged pearl oyster, Pteria penguin, is a widely distributed large pearl oyster species, which can produce large-sized mabé(half-pearl), and exhibit strong tolerance to severe environment. However, genetic improvement of P. penguin was still in its infancy. In this study, the correlation between five microsatellite loci and four growth traits(shell height, shell length, shell width and total weight) of 500 winged pearl oysters were analyzed by One-way ANOVA. Multiple comparisons between different genotypes of microsatellite markers and growth traits were performed. It was shown that the 5 loci in this study are all highly polymorphic loci, among which, QEB-D15 and CL-232 were extremely significantly associated with the shell width of the winged pearl oyster(P<0.01). The individuals with genotype 239/263 and 239/273 at QEB-D15 had the maximum and the minimum shell width, respectively. The 263 bp allele might positively correlate with the shell width, while the 273 bp allele might negatively correlate with the shell width. The average values of shell length, shell width and total weight of individuals with genotype 157/174 at locus CL-232 were larger than that of other genotypes, suggested that this genotype was the dominant genotype. Individuals with genotype of 177/192 at locus CL-232 had the smallest shell length, shell width, shell height and total weight, indicated that the 177/192 may be an inferior genotype. In addition, the shell width is correlated with two SSR loci, which indicates that the shell width is a phenotypic trait that may not be controlled by a single gene. This study could provide valuable information for molecular marker-assisted selection of P. penguin.