极地与高山苔原生态

Ecology of Arctic and Alpine Tundras

苔原作为地球上的重要生物群落,加上南极洲和格陵兰岛的,大约占陆地面积的15%。苔原植物种类相对较少,无树木,一般在高山林线或维度林线上。在过去的几十年里,随着西伯利亚、阿拉斯加和加拿大的石油与天然气的开发,人们开始研究北极苔原生态系统,特别是苔原生命的适应机制、生活史对策以及保护与恢复等相关问题。

Of the world's major biomes,tundras,including Antarctica and Greenland,occupy about 15%of the land surface.These treeless areas,above treeline(alpine)or beyond treeline latitudinally(arctic),contain relatively few plant species.A renewed interest in arctic ecology has occurred with oil and gas discovery in Siberia,Alaska,and Canada in the past several years,interest which now focuses on the fragility of arctic ecosystems and their ability to maintain themselves in a reasonably steady state with the impact of man and machines.A good deal of this concern centers on the ability of plants to reinvade disturbed sites,and thus studies of adaptive mechanisms and life cycle strategies become central.