控水技术结合修剪与施肥对簕杜鹃花期的影响

Effects of water control technology combined with pruning and fertilization on flowering of Bougainvillea glabra

以盆栽‘水红’簕杜鹃(Bougainvillea glabra‘Rosa’)作为试验材料,通过单独控水、修剪+控水、修剪+施肥+控水3组试验,探讨控水对‘水红’簕杜鹃内源激素、可溶性糖、花量和花期的影响,将控水技术结合修剪与施肥应用于簕杜鹃的日常养护中,为形成系统性的‘水红’簕杜鹃花期调控技术体系提供数据支撑和技术参考.结果表明,较高水平的GA 3和较低水平的IAA有利于‘水红’簕杜鹃成花,间隔控水和持续控水处理的ABA含量均持续上升至终花期;叶片可溶性糖含量呈现持续下降的趋势,间隔控水处理在整个花期的可溶性糖含量都显著高于对照和持续控水处理;单独控水对‘水红’簕杜鹃的花期影响不大,持续控水处理的花量显著低于间隔控水处理和对照;修剪后7 d进行间隔控水可提高‘水红’簕杜鹃成花数量,提前并延长花期;修剪+施肥后至现蕾期进行间隔控水可使‘水红’簕杜鹃提前进入花期.

The potted Bougainvillea glabra‘Rosa’was used as the test material.Through three experiments of water control alone,pruning+water control,pruning+fertilization+water control,the effects of water control on endogenous hormones,soluble sugar,flower quantity and flowering period of Bougainvillea glabra‘Rosa’were discussed.The water control technology combined with pruning and fertilization was applied to the daily maintenance of bougainvillea,providing data support and technical reference for the formation of a systematic flowering period regulation technology system of Bougainvillea glabra‘Rosa’.The results showed that higher levels of GA 3 and lower levels of IAA were beneficial to the flowering of Bougainvillea glabra‘Rosa’,and the ABA content of both interval water control and continuous water control treatments continued to increase to the final flowering period;the soluble sugar content of leaves showed a continuous downward trend,and the soluble sugar content of the interval water control treatment was significantly higher than that of the CK and continuous water control treatments throughout the flowering period.Water control alone had little effect on the flowering period of Bougainvillea glabra‘Rosa’,and the flower quantity of continuous water control treatment was significantly lower than that of interval water control treatment and CK.Interval water control at 7 days after pruning could increase the flower quantity of Bougainvillea glabra‘Rosa’,advance and prolong the flowering period.Interval water control at budding stage after pruning+fertilization could make Bougainvillea glabra‘Rosa’enter the flowering period earlier.