小麦新品种洛麦26选育及遗传特性分析

Breeding and Genetic Characteristics Analysis of a New Wheat Variety Luomai 26

洛麦26是洛阳农林科学院利用多抗广适选择混合小麦育种方法选育的高产、多抗、广适小麦新品种。根据河南地区气候特征制定育种目标,经过双亲互补、亲本组配以及早代单株选择混合和高代系谱法选择的育种技术方法,同时历经早代剔除春性苗、病害接种筛选、株高世代梯度控制等多种田间技术鉴定和成型品系品质近红外检测,采用优质亚基辅助分析、耐热和抗倒测定等多种鉴定技术,最终育成国审小麦新品种洛麦26。其具有突出的特性:矮秆抗倒,株高68~73 cm,基部节间短,抗倒指数1.23;综合抗病性好,中抗条锈病和纹枯病;千粒质量热感指数为0.433,容重热感指数为0.71,为耐热品种;试验平均产量为8 076 kg/hm2,高产方平均产量为10 806 kg/hm2,产量潜力高;试验适应度为75.00%~92.31%,生产试验增产点率为100%,适应性广;分子标记鉴定含有1,7+8,5+10优质亚基,为优质中筋品种。该品种较好集成了亲本优异遗传基因,适宜黄淮地区高水肥地种植。

Luomai 26 is a new wheat variety with high yield, multiple resistance, and wide adaptability bred by Luoyang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences using hybrid wheat breeding method of multiple resistance and wide adaptability.According to Henan regional climate characteristics, the breeding goal was made, via the breeding techniques including mataching of complementary parents, early generation single plant selection-mixing and high generation pedigree method selection, simultaneously, by various filed technological identification such as elimination of spring seedlings in early generation,disease vaccination screening, and plang height generation gradient control and formed strain quality near infrared detection,multiple identification technologies such as excellent subunit assistant analysis, measurement of heat tolerance and lodging resistance, Luomai 26 was bred. The variety had the following outstanding characteristics: short plant and lodging resistance, 68-73 cm of plant height, short basal internode, lodging resistance index 1.23;good comprehensive disease resistance, medium resistance to stripe rust and grain blight;1000-grain weight heat sensitivity index 0.433, bulk weight heat sensitivity index 0.71,heat tolerance;the average test yield of 8 076 kg/ha, the average test yield of 10 806 kg/ha, high yield potential;the test adaptability was 75.00%-92.31%, the yield increasing point rate of production test was 100%, wide adaptability. Molecular marker identification indicated that the variety contained 1, 7+8, 5+10 excellent subunits, and was a high-quality medium gluten variety. The variety was well integrated excellent genetic genes of the parents, and was suitable for being planted in highwater-fertilizer land in Huang-Huai region.